滴流床反应器中液体扩散：Euler-Eulerian双流体方法的实验和数值模拟
Liquid spreading in trickle-bed reactors: Experiments and numerical simulations using Eulerian--Eulerian two-fluid approach
摘要：
采用欧拉双流体CFD方法模拟了气液并流滴流床反应器中的液体扩散。为了提出一个模型，详尽地描述了所有的相互作用力作用在每个流体相的分散机制的重点，在文献中的封闭定律的讨论提出。液体分散被认为是由两种主要机制引起的：毛细管和机械（Attou和Ferschneider，2000; Lappalainen等人，2009年-然后在两个滴流床配置中实施所提出的模型，并与两个实验装置相匹配：在第一个配置中，考虑了二维轴对称几何形状的模拟，并根据一组新的实验数据验证了模型。针对不同的几何和操作条件提供了从$γ$射线层析成像获得的总体压降和液体分布。在第二种配置中，被认为是一个3D模拟和该模型进行比较，在床出口处的实验液体通量模式。提出了液体扩散对床层几何特性（空隙率和颗粒直径）以及气液流量的敏感性分析。该模型被证明是实现非常好的协议与实验数据，并准确地预测，各种几何床层特性和/或相流率的液体蔓延的趋势。
英文摘要：
Liquid spreading in gas-liquid concurrent trickle-bed reactors is simulated using an Eulerian twofluid CFD approach. In order to propose a model that describes exhaustively all interaction forces acting on each fluid phase with an emphasis on dispersion mechanisms, a discussion of closure laws available in the literature is proposed. Liquid dispersion is recognized to result from two main mechanisms: capillary and mechanical (Attou and Ferschneider, 2000; Lappalainen et al., 2009- The proposed model is then implemented in two trickle-bed configurations matching with two experimental set ups: In the first configuration, simulations on a 2D axisymmetric geometry are considered and the model is validated upon a new set of experimental data. Overall pressure drop and liquid distribution obtained from $γ$-ray tomography are provided for different geometrical and operating conditions. In the second configuration, a 3D simulation is considered and the model is compared to experimental liquid flux patterns at the bed outlet. A sensitivity analysis of liquid spreading to bed geometrical characteristics (void-fraction and particles diameter) as well as to gas and liquid flow rates is proposed. The model is shown to achieve very good agreement with experimental data and to predict, accurately, tendencies of liquid spreading for various geometrical bed characteristics and/or phases flow-rates.
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