We calculate non-axisymmetric oscillations of uniformly rotating polytropes magnetized with a purely toroidal magnetic field, taking account of the effects of the deformation due to the magnetic field. As for rotation, we consider only the effects of Coriolis force on the oscillation modes, ignoring those of the centrifugal force, that is, of the rotational deformation of the star. Since separation of variables is not possible for the oscillation of rotating magnetized stars, we employ finite series expansions for the perturbations using spherical harmonic functions. We calculate magnetically modified normal modes such as $g$-, $f$-, $p$-, $r$-, and inertial modes. In the lowest order, the frequency shifts produced by the magnetic field scale with the square of the characteristic Alfvén frequency. As a measure of the effects of the magnetic field, we calculate the proportionality constant for the frequency shifts for various oscillation modes. We find that the effects of the deformation are significant for high frequency modes such as $f$- and $p$-modes but unimportant for low frequency modes such as $g$-, $r$-, and inertial modes.
The influences and consequences of toroidal magnetic fields in shaping the visible lobes of pre planetary nebulae ("prePNe") are explored in this, the last of a series of papers of parameter studies of prePN evolution. To probe these influences we start with the steady, diverging, and field-free wind model of our previous papers and add weak to moderate toroidal fields to the winds in order to generate arrays of outcomes after 500 y, after which the structures grow almost homologously. As expected, toroidal fields in the stellar winds invariably form very thin and dense axial features whose st…
Asteroseismology has reached a level of accuracy that may allow us to detect the effect of a deep magnetic field on oscillation modes. We thus aim to develop an asymptotic theory for short-wavelength waves in radiative zones of rotating stars with a general magnetic field topology (toroidal and poloidal). A dispersion relation is derived for a uniformly rotating star with a low-amplitude, axisymmetric magnetic field. The parameter space of this model is explored with a Hamiltonian ray-tracing method. The features of the gravito-inertial waves modified by the magnetic field are studied with dif…
Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) have been suggested to be powered by strongly magnetized, rapidly rotating neutron stars which are often called magnetars. In this process, rotational energy of the magnetar is radiated via magnetic dipole radiation and heats the supernova ejecta. However, if magnetars are highly distorted in their geometric shape, rotational energy is mainly lost as gravitational wave radiation and thus such magnetars cannot power SLSNe. By simply comparing electromagnetic and gravitational wave emission timescales, we constrain upper limits to the ellipticity of magnetars by …
We calculate non-axisymmetric oscillations of neutron stars magnetized by purely poloidal magnetic fields. We use polytropes of index $n=1$ and 1.5 as a background model, where we ignore the equilibrium deformation due to the magnetic field. Since separation of variables is not possible for the oscillation of magnetized stars, we employ finite series expansions for the perturbations using spherical harmonic functions. Solving the oscillation equations as the boundary and eigenvalue problem, we find two kinds of discrete magnetic modes, that is, stable (oscillatory) magnetic modes and unstable …
We explore a new, efficient mechanism that can power toroidally magnetized jets up to two to three times their original terminal velocity after they enter a self-similar phase of magnetic acceleration. Underneath the elongated outflow lobe formed by a magnetized bubble, a wide-angle free wind, through the interplay with its ambient toroid, is compressed and accelerated around its axial jet. The extremely magnetic bubble can inflate over its original size, depending on the initial Alfvén Mach number $M_A$ of the launched flow. The shape-independent slope $\partial{}v_r/\partial{}r=2/3t$ is a sa…
We study the strongly magnetized white dwarf configurations in a self-consistent manner as a progenitor of the over-luminous type-Ia supernovae. We compute static equilibria of white dwarf stars containing a strong magnetic field and present the modification of white dwarf mass-radius relation caused by the magnetic field. From a static equilibrium study, we find that a maximum white dwarf mass of about 1.9 M$_\odot$ may be supported if the interior poloidal field is as strong as approximately $10^{10}$ T. On the other hand if the field is purely toroidal the maximum mass can be more than 5 M$…
Strong magnetic fields play an important role in powering the emission of neutron stars. Nevertheless a full understanding of the interior configuration of the field remains elusive. In this work, we present General Relativistic MagnetoHydroDynamics simulations of the magnetic field evolution in neutron stars lasting 500 ms (5 Alfven crossing times) and up to resolutions of 0.231 km using Athena++. We explore two different initial conditions, one with purely poloidal magnetic field and the other with a dominant toroidal component, and study the poloidal and toroidal field energies, the growth …
