确定300 - 6开尔文双轴Y2SiO5介电常数张量的多模技术
Multi-mode technique for the determination of the biaxial Y2SiO5 permittivity tensor from 300 to 6 Kelvin
摘要：
Y2 SiO 5（YSO）晶体是具有双轴各向异性的介电材料，在光学频率下具有已知的折射率值。它是一种用于光学研究的众所周知的稀土（RE）基质材料，最近已显示出量子工程器件的良好性能。在本文中，我们报告的第一个微波表征的实介电常数张量的大块YSO样品，以及调查的张量分量的温度依赖性从296 K下降到6 K。估计的不确定性低于0.26%，受到加工圆柱形电介质的精度的限制。此外，一些电磁模式的电Q因子被记录作为一种方式，以提供一些信息的晶体损耗在温度范围内。为了解决双轴晶体所需的张量分量，我们开发了多模技术，它使用同时测量低阶回音壁模式。介电常数张量的知识提供了重要的数据，涉及YSO的技术设计，如微波耦合到电子和超精细过渡在稀土掺杂样品在低温下必不可少的。
英文摘要：
The Y2SiO5 (YSO) crystal is a dielectric material with biaxial anisotropy with known values of refractive index at optical frequencies. It is a well-known rare-earth (RE) host material for optical research and more recently has shown promising performance for quantum-engineered devices. In this paper, we report the first microwave characterization of the real permittivity tensor of a bulk YSO sample, as well as an investigation of the temperature dependence of the tensor components from 296 K down to 6 K. Estimated uncertainties were below 0.26%, limited by the precision of machining the cylindrical dielectric. Also, the electrical Q-factors of a few electromagnetic modes were recorded as a way to provide some information about the crystal losses over the temperature range. To solve the tensor components necessary for a biaxial crystal, we developed the multi-mode technique, which uses simultaneous measurement of low order Whispering Gallery Modes. Knowledge of the permittivity tensor offers important data, essential for the design of technologies involving YSO, such as microwave coupling to electron and hyperfine transitions in RE doped samples at low temperatures.
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