arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1503.03907gr-qc
收藏

混合量子宇宙学中的规范不变微扰

Gauge-Invariant Perturbations in Hybrid Quantum Cosmology

Laura Castelló Gomar, Mercedes Martín-Benito, Guillermo A. Mena Marugán

摘要:

我们考虑均匀和各向同性时空周围的宇宙学扰动最低限度地耦合到一个标量场,并提出了一个配方,旨在保持协方差。我们截断的行动,在二次微扰秩序和特殊化我们的分析,以扁平紧凑的空间部分和场势的质量项,虽然形式主义可以扩展到其他拓扑结构和潜力。微扰描述的Mukhanov-Sasaki规范不变量,线性微扰约束,变量正则共轭。这一套是完整的,为整个系统,包括齐次自由度的规范之一。我们找到了模型的全局哈密顿约束,其中均匀扇区的贡献在扰动中用二次项校正,这可以被确定为我们的公式中的Mukhanov-Sasaki哈密顿。然后,我们采用一种混合的方法来计算模型,结合量子表示的均匀部门与一个更标准的字段量化的扰动。由于没有采用规范固定,这种方法保证了协方差。接下来,我们采用玻恩-奥本海默模型来描述物理状态,并展示了如何获得一个类似薛定谔方程的微扰量子演化。这种演变是由Mukhanov-Sasaki哈密顿,依赖于均匀的几何评价在量子期望值,并与时间参数定义也在适当的期望值的几何。最后,我们推导出有效的方程的动力学的Mukhanov-Sasaki规范不变量,其中包括量子贡献,但具有相同的紫外线限制的经典方程。他们提供了主方程,以提取有关原始标量扰动的功率谱的预测。

英文摘要:

We consider cosmological perturbations around homogeneous and isotropic spacetimes minimally coupled to a scalar field and present a formulation which is designed to preserve covariance. We truncate the action at quadratic perturbative order and particularize our analysis to flat compact spatial sections and a field potential given by a mass term, although the formalism can be extended to other topologies and potentials. The perturbations are described in terms of Mukhanov-Sasaki gauge invariants, linear perturbative constraints, and variables canonically conjugate to them. This set is completed into a canonical one for the entire system, including the homogeneous degrees of freedom. We find the global Hamiltonian constraint of the model, in which the contribution of the homogeneous sector is corrected with a term quadratic in the perturbations, that can be identified as the Mukhanov-Sasaki Hamiltonian in our formulation. We then adopt a hybrid approach to quantize the model, combining a quantum representation of the homogeneous sector with a more standard field quantization of the perturbations. Covariance is guaranteed in this approach inasmuch as no gauge fixing is adopted. Next, we adopt a Born-Oppenheimer ansatz for physical states and show how to obtain a Schrödinger-like equation for the quantum evolution of the perturbations. This evolution is governed by the Mukhanov-Sasaki Hamiltonian, with the dependence on the homogeneous geometry evaluated at quantum expectation values, and with a time parameter defined also in terms of suitable expectation values on that geometry. Finally, we derive effective equations for the dynamics of the Mukhanov-Sasaki gauge invariants, that include quantum contributions, but have the same ultraviolet limit as the classical equations. They provide the master equation to extract predictions about the power spectrum of primordial scalar perturbations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑