基于Magnetic Induction的井下通信系统试验床
A Testbed of Magnetic Induction-based Communication System for Underground Applications
摘要：
无线地下传感器网络（WUSNs）可以实现许多重要的应用，例如智能农业、管道故障诊断、矿难救援、隐蔽边境巡逻、原油勘探等。实现WUSNs的关键挑战是地下环境中的无线通信。大多数现有的无线通信系统利用偶极天线来发送和接收传播的电磁（EM）波，由于非常高的材料吸收损耗，其在地下环境中不能很好地工作。磁感应（MI）技术提供了一个有前途的替代解决方案，可以解决目前的问题，在地下。虽然基于MI的地下通信已经深入的理论研究，到目前为止，很少有努力已经在开发一个测试平台，基于MI的地下通信，可以验证理论结果。本文在实验室井下环境下设计并实现了一个基于MI的通信系统实验平台。该试验台不仅实现并测试了利用单个线圈的原始MI机制，而且还实现了使用MI波导和3方向（3D）MI线圈的最新开发技术。实验是在实验室地下环境中进行的，环境参数可重新配置，如土壤成分和含水量。由于采用了新的通信机制和新的无线传输介质，使得井下通信试验台的研制非常复杂和耗时，本文为井下通信试验台的研制提供了原则和指导。
英文摘要：
Wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) can enable many important applications such as intelligent agriculture, pipeline fault diagnosis, mine disaster rescue, concealed border patrol, crude oil exploration, among others. The key challenge to realize WUSNs is the wireless communication in underground environments. Most existing wireless communication systems utilize the dipole antenna to transmit and receive propagating electromagnetic (EM) waves, which do not work well in underground environments due to the very high material absorption loss. The Magnetic Induction (MI) technique provides a promising alternative solution that could address the current problem in underground. Although the MI-based underground communication has been intensively investigated theoretically, to date, seldom effort has been made in developing a testbed for the MI-based underground communication that can validate the theoretical results. In this paper, a testbed of MI-based communication system is designed and implemented in an in-lab underground environment. The testbed realizes and tests not only the original MI mechanism that utilizes single coil but also recent developed techniques that use the MI waveguide and the 3-directional (3D) MI coils. The experiments are conducted in an in-lab underground environment with reconfigurable environmental parameters such as soil composition and water content. This paper provides the principles and guidelines for developing the MI underground communications testbed, which is very complicated and time-consuming due to the new communication mechanism and the new wireless transmission medium.
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