质子自旋问题中的洛伦兹协变性和规范不变性
Lorentz covariance and gauge invariance in the proton spin problem
摘要：
本文对质子自旋分解为夸克和胶子的自旋和轨道角动量的争论作了有见地的评论。人们认为，对问题性质的认识上的差异是长期争端的主要原因。没有一种分解能同时满足明显的洛伦兹协变性和规范不变性这两个原则，而局部的考虑隐藏了可能的不一致。提出了场方程和物质（即，e. QED中的电子和QCD中的夸克）方程必须重新分析，而不是从总角动量的表达式开始;正则或其他。
英文摘要：
In this brief note insightful remarks are made on the controversy on the decomposition of the proton spin into the spin and orbital angular momenta of quarks and gluons. It is argued that the difference in the perception on the nature of the problem is the main reason for the persistent disputes. There is no decomposition that simultaneously satisfies the twin principles of manifest Lorentz covariance and gauge invariance, and partial considerations hide likely inconsistencies. It is suggested that field equations and matter (i. e. electron in QED and quarks in QCD) equations must be analyzed afresh rather than beginning with the expressions of total angular momentum; canonical or otherwise.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
