arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1503.01918cs.CV
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基于图像的无人水面航行器障碍物快速检测

Fast image-based obstacle detection from unmanned surface vehicles

Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana(卢布尔雅那大学电气工程学院)

Matej Kristan, Vildana Sulic, Stanislav Kovacic, Janez Pers

摘要:

障碍物检测在无人水面航行器(USV)中起着重要作用。USV在高度多样化的环境中运行,其中障碍物可以是漂浮的一块木头、水肺潜水员、码头或海岸线的一部分,这对从船上拍摄的图像进行连续检测提出了重大挑战。本文讨论了约束无监督分割的在线检测问题。为此,提出了一种新的图形模型,提供了一个快速和连续的障碍物图像地图估计从一个单一的视频流捕捉船上的USV。该模型解释了从USV观察到的海洋环境的语义结构,通过施加弱结构约束。采用马尔可夫随机场的框架,并推导出一个高效的算法,同时优化模型参数和分割掩模估计。我们的方法不需要计算密集的纹理特征提取和舒适的实时运行。该算法在一个新的、具有挑战性的海洋环境中的分割和障碍物检测数据集上进行了测试,这是同类数据集中最大的注释数据集。在这个数据集上的结果表明,我们的模型优于相关的方法,同时需要一小部分的计算工作。

英文摘要:

Obstacle detection plays an important role in unmanned surface vehicles (USV). The USVs operate in highly diverse environments in which an obstacle may be a floating piece of wood, a scuba diver, a pier, or a part of a shoreline, which presents a significant challenge to continuous detection from images taken onboard. This paper addresses the problem of online detection by constrained unsupervised segmentation. To this end, a new graphical model is proposed that affords a fast and continuous obstacle image-map estimation from a single video stream captured onboard a USV. The model accounts for the semantic structure of marine environment as observed from USV by imposing weak structural constraints. A Markov random field framework is adopted and a highly efficient algorithm for simultaneous optimization of model parameters and segmentation mask estimation is derived. Our approach does not require computationally intensive extraction of texture features and comfortably runs in real-time. The algorithm is tested on a new, challenging, dataset for segmentation and obstacle detection in marine environments, which is the largest annotated dataset of its kind. Results on this dataset show that our model outperforms the related approaches, while requiring a fraction of computational effort.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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