水力压裂的损伤模型
A damage model for fracking
摘要：
向致密页岩储层注入大量的水可以开采以前无法开采的石油和天然气。这种大体积的“超级”压裂引起允许油和/或气流到提取井的损害。本文的目的是为理解超级压裂提供一个模型。我们假设水从一个小的球形空腔注入均匀的弹性介质。注入水的高压产生环向应力，使致密页岩中的天然裂缝重新活化。这些裂缝随着水的加入而向外迁移，形成受损岩石的球形外壳。与这些裂缝相关的孔隙度等于注入的水量。我们得到了这个体积的解析表达式。我们将我们的模型应用于一个典型的致密页岩储层，并表明预测的水量与超级压裂中使用的水量吻合得很好。
英文摘要：
Injections of large volumes of water into tight shale reservoirs allows the extraction of oil and gas not previously accessible. This large volume "super" fracking induces damage that allows the oil and/or gas to flow to an extraction well. The purpose of this paper is to provide a model for understanding super fracking. We assume that water is injected from a small spherical cavity into a homogeneous elastic medium. The high pressure of the injected water generates hoop stresses that reactivate natural fractures in the tight shales. These fractures migrate outward as water is added creating a spherical shell of damaged rock. The porosity associated with these fractures is equal to the water volume injected. We obtain an analytic expression for this volume. We apply our model to a typical tight shale reservoir and show that the predicted water volumes are in good agreement with the volumes used in super fracking.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
