高温日冕气体的冲压剥离和残存X射线日冕的探测能力
Ram Pressure Stripping of Hot Coronal Gas from Group and Cluster Galaxies and the Detectability of Surviving X-ray Coronae
摘要：
对邻近星系团的X射线和HI星系尾流的观测表明，冲压压力剥离可以去除星系团内介质（ICM）中的冷热气体。然而，冲压压力剥离，包括在集团环境中的预处理，并没有从星系团中去除所有的热日冕气体。最近的钱德拉高分辨率观测表明，$\sim 1 - 4$ kpc扩展的热星系冕在星系团和星系团中普遍存在。为了更好地理解这一结果，我们模拟冲压压力剥离的宇宙学动机的人口星系在孤立的集团和集群环境。星系、宿主星系团和星系团是由无碰撞的暗物质和热气体组成的，它们最初与星系和宿主星系势处于流体静力学平衡。我们表明，气体的损失率取决于银河系和主机晕质量。使用合成X射线观测，我们评估了剥离星系冠在实际观测中的可探测性，通过堆叠图像上已知的星系中心。我们发现日冕辐射在最低能带（0.1 - 1.2 keV）的$\sim 10$角秒或$\sim 5$ kpc到$\sim 2.3$ Gyr范围内都能被探测到。因此，在星系团中观测到的日冕的存在显着小于热X射线晕的场星系表明，至少有一些气体去除发生在最近吸积星系的星系团环境。最后，我们评估的可能性，现有的和未来的X射线集群目录可以用于与光学星系位置相结合，通过叠加分析来检测银河系日冕发射。我们简要讨论了额外的物理过程对日冕生存的影响，并将在本系列未来的论文中详细讨论。
英文摘要：
Ram pressure stripping can remove hot and cold gas from galaxies in the intracluster medium (ICM), as shown by observations of X-ray and HI galaxy wakes in nearby clusters of galaxies. However, ram pressure stripping, including pre-processing in group environments, does not remove all the hot coronal gas from cluster galaxies. Recent high-resolution Chandra observations have shown that $\sim 1 - 4$ kpc extended, hot galactic coronae are ubiquitous in group and cluster galaxies. To better understand this result, we simulate ram pressure stripping of a cosmologically motivated population of galaxies in isolated group and cluster environments. The galaxies and the host group and cluster are composed of collisionless dark matter and hot gas initially in hydrostatic equilibrium with the galaxy and host potentials. We show that the rate at which gas is lost depends on the galactic and host halo mass. Using synthetic X-ray observations, we evaluate the detectability of stripped galactic coronae in real observations by stacking images on the known galaxy centers. We find that coronal emission should be detected within $\sim 10$ arcsec, or $\sim 5$ kpc up to $\sim 2.3$ Gyr in the lowest (0.1 - 1.2 keV) energy band. Thus the presence of observed coronae in cluster galaxies significantly smaller than the hot X-ray halos of field galaxies indicates that at least some gas removal occurs within cluster environments for recently accreted galaxies. Finally, we evaluate the possibility that existing and future X-ray cluster catalogs can be used in combination with optical galaxy positions to detect galactic coronal emission via stacking analysis. We briefly discuss the effects of additional physical processes on coronal survival, and will address them in detail in future papers in this series.
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