The use of hyperpolarized agents in magnetic resonance (MR), such as 13C-labeled compounds, enables powerful new imaging and detection modalities that stem from a 10,000-fold boost in signal. A major challenge for the future of the hyperpolarizaton technique is the inherently short spin relaxation times, typically < 60 seconds for 13C liquid-state compounds, which limit the time that the signal remains boosted. Here, we demonstrate that 1.1% natural abundance 13C spins in synthetic nanodiamond (ND) can be hyperpolarized at cryogenic and room temperature without the use of toxic free- radicals, and, owing to their solid-state environment, exhibit relaxation times exceeding 1 hour. Combined with the already established applications of NDs in the life-sciences as inexpensive fluorescent markers and non-cytotoxic substrates for gene and drug delivery, these results extend the theranostic capabilities of nanoscale diamonds into the domain of hyperpolarized MR.
纳米金刚石有望成为一种有吸引力的材料,超极化13 C MRI,如果大的核极化可以实现没有伴随的快速自旋弛豫驱动的顺磁物质。在这里,我们报告增强和长寿的13 C极化在合成纳米金刚石定制的酸洗和空气氧化协议。我们的研究结果分离的贡献不同的顺磁性物种的极化行为,识别的重要性,替代氮缺陷中心的纳米金刚石核心。这些结果可能用于开发基于纳米金刚石的成像剂,其尺寸分布与检查生物过程相关。
Phase-Encoded Hyperpolarized Nanodiamond for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
表面功能化的纳米材料可以作为治疗诊断剂,使用超极化磁共振成像(MRI)检测疾病和跟踪生物过程。然而,候选材料是稀疏的,需要具有长自旋晶格弛豫(T1)和自旋退相时间(T2)的自旋核,以及电子库来赋予超极化。在这里,我们展示了超极化13 C MRI的纳米金刚石材料系统的多功能性,利用其固有的顺磁缺陷中心,小时长的核T1时间,T2时间适合空间分辨毫米级结构。结合这些特性,我们实现了一种新的成像方式,该成像方式利用了与外部磁场对齐或反对齐的超极化编码的自旋之间的相位对比。相位编码超极化的使用允许纳米金刚石在MRI中仅基于其自旋取向被标记和区分,并且可以允许直接比较和成像特定生物功能化复合物的作用。
Long Spin Relaxation Times in CVD-Grown Nanodiamonds
Hasselt University(哈瑟尔特大学);Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University(哈瑟尔特大学材料研究所);Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS(捷克科学院有机化学与生物化学研究所)
Towards Application of Nanodiamonds for in-situ Monitoring of Radicals in Liquid Phase Chemical Reactions
RPTU University(莱布尼茨技术大学);State Research Center OPTIMAS, RPTU University(OPTIMAS州立研究中心,莱布尼茨技术大学);Kiel University(基尔大学);Kiel Nano, Surface and Interface Science (KiNSIS), Kiel University(基尔纳米、表面与界面科学研究所(KiNSIS),基尔大学)
Quantum sensing of nanoscale electronic phase segregation
Jožef Stefan Institute(约瑟夫·斯特凡研究所);Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh(爱丁堡大学极端条件科学中心与化学学院);Fakulteta za matematiko in fiziko, Univerza v Ljubljani(卢布尔雅那大学数学与物理学院)