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arXiv 1502.06006cond-mat.stat-mech
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最小作用量原理与随机运动:路径概率的一般推导

Least action principle and stochastic motion : a generic derivation of path probability

Aziz El Kaabouchi, Qiuping A. Wang

摘要:

本文对具有高斯噪声的朗之万方程描述的机械系统随机动力学的路径概率进行了解析计算。结果表明,概率对动作的指数依赖性。在非耗散极限的情况下,与以往随机运动数值模拟的结果一致,其作用是力学中的常用作用。在耗散运动的情况下,指数概率的指数中的作用量正好是在以前的工作中提出的作用量(Q.A.王河,巴西-地Wang,arXiv:1201.6309),为整个系统定义的动作,包括运动系统及其接收耗散能量的环境。在这两种情况下,结果意味着最可能的路径是最小动作的路径,在随机性消失的极限下,成为最小化动作的规则路径。

英文摘要:

This work is an analytical calculation of the path probability for random dynamics of mechanical system described by Langevin equation with Gaussian noise. The result shows an exponential dependence of the probability on the action. In the case of non dissipative limit, the action is the usual one in mechanics in accordance with the previous result of numerical simulation of random motion. In the case of dissipative motion, the action in the exponent of the exponential probability is just the one proposed in a previous work (Q.A. Wang, R. Wang, arXiv:1201.6309), an action defined for the total system including the moving system and its environment receiving the dissipated energy. In both cases, the result implies that the most probable paths are the paths of least action which, in the limit of vanishing randomness, become the regular paths minimizing the action.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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