麦克斯韦流体磁性模型
Maxwell's fluid model of magnetism
摘要：
1861年，麦克斯韦通过将磁力线模拟为流体介质中的“分子涡旋”，推导出了两个电磁方程。后来，在1980年，贝里和他的同事进行了实验的“相涡”，一个波的几何形状在流体中，这是类似于磁力线，也表现出相应的行为量化的磁通量。在这里，我们统一这些方法写下来的解决方案的运动方程的可压缩流体的行为以同样的方式作为磁力线。然后，我们重新审视麦克斯韦的历史灵感，即法拉第1846年的光作为力线扰动的模型。使用我们的统一模型，我们表明，这样的干扰类似于光子：它们被极化，离散吸收，服从麦克斯韦电磁方程组的第一顺序，并定量再现的相关性，观察到的贝尔测试。
英文摘要：
In 1861, Maxwell derived two of his equations of electromagnetism by modelling a magnetic line of force as a `molecular vortex' in a fluid-like medium. Later, in 1980, Berry and colleagues conducted experiments on a `phase vortex', a wave geometry in a fluid which is analogous to a magnetic line of force and also exhibits behaviour corresponding to the quantisation of magnetic flux. Here we unify these approaches by writing down a solution to the equations of motion for a compressible fluid which behaves in the same way as a magnetic line of force. We then revisit Maxwell's historical inspiration, namely Faraday's 1846 model of light as disturbances in lines of force. Using our unified model, we show that such disturbances resemble photons: they are polarised, absorbed discretely, obey Maxwell's full equations of electromagnetism to first order, and quantitatively reproduce the correlation that is observed in the Bell tests.
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