基于Twitch. TV的众包互动直播测量研究
On Crowdsourced Interactive Live Streaming: A Twitch.TV-Based Measurement Study
摘要：
在当今用于媒体生成和协作制作的丰富工具的支持下，多媒体服务范例正在从传统的单源、多源、多源，以及现在的{ \em crowdsource}转变。Twitch.tv等众包直播平台允许一般用户向大量观众广播其内容，从而大大扩大内容和用户基础。然而，这些非专业广播公司可用的资源有限且不稳定，这可能会损害流媒体质量和观众体验。广播公司和观众之间的各种现场互动可能会进一步加剧这一问题。在本文中，我们提出了一个初步的调查现代众包直播系统。以Twitch为代表，我们使用抓取的数据和捕获的本地广播公司/观众的流量来概述其内部架构。仔细检查在两个月内收集的访问数据，我们发现，视图模式是由事件和广播公司的来源。我们的测量探索了独特的源和事件驱动的视图，显示了观众侧的当前延迟策略大大影响了观众的交互体验，并且长广播延迟和短实时消息延迟之间存在显着差异。在广播公司方面，动态上传能力是一个关键的挑战，这明显影响了观众直播的流畅性。
英文摘要：
Empowered by today's rich tools for media generation and collaborative production, the multimedia service paradigm is shifting from the conventional single source, to multi-source, to many sources, and now toward {\em crowdsource}. Such crowdsourced live streaming platforms as Twitch.tv allow general users to broadcast their content to massive viewers, thereby greatly expanding the content and user bases. The resources available for these non-professional broadcasters however are limited and unstable, which potentially impair the streaming quality and viewers' experience. The diverse live interactions among the broadcasters and viewers can further aggravate the problem. In this paper, we present an initial investigation on the modern crowdsourced live streaming systems. Taking Twitch as a representative, we outline their inside architecture using both crawled data and captured traffic of local broadcasters/viewers. Closely examining the access data collected in a two-month period, we reveal that the view patterns are determined by both events and broadcasters' sources. Our measurements explore the unique source- and event-driven views, showing that the current delay strategy on the viewer's side substantially impacts the viewers' interactive experience, and there is significant disparity between the long broadcast latency and the short live messaging latency. On the broadcaster's side, the dynamic uploading capacity is a critical challenge, which noticeably affects the smoothness of live streaming for viewers.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
