低温下的氢化并不总是导致饱和：HNCO的情况
Hydrogenation at low temperatures does not always lead to saturation: the case of HNCO
摘要：
上下文人们普遍认为，氢化反应在寒冷、致密的分子核中的颗粒表面上占主导地位，使冰帽中的分子饱和。目的。研究了固相异氰酸与氢原子的低温反应性，旨在阐明其反应网络。方法.傅里叶变换红外光谱和质谱法被用来跟踪纯HNCO冰在轰击过程中与H原子的演变。多层和单层制度进行了研究。结果HNCO的氢化不产生可检测量的甲酰胺（NH2CHO）作为主要产物。使用氘的实验表明，固体HNCO的氘化迅速发生，可能是通过循环反应途径再生HNCO。在这些反应循环期间的化学解吸导致HNCO从表面损失。结论. HNCO不太可能形成大量的NH2CHO。然而，在致密区域，HNCO的氘化将发生。HNCO和DNCO将被引入气相中，即使在低温下，作为化学解吸的结果。
英文摘要：
Context. It is generally agreed that hydrogenation reactions dominate chemistry on grain surfaces in cold, dense molecular cores, saturating the molecules present in ice mantles. Aims. We present a study of the low temperature reactivity of solid phase isocyanic acid (HNCO) with hydrogen atoms, with the aim of elucidating its reaction network. Methods. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry were employed to follow the evolution of pure HNCO ice during bombardment with H atoms. Both multilayer and monolayer regimes were investigated. Results. The hydrogenation of HNCO does not produce detectable amounts of formamide (NH2CHO) as the major product. Experiments using deuterium reveal that deuteration of solid HNCO occurs rapidly, probably via cyclic reaction paths regenerating HNCO. Chemical desorption during these reaction cycles leads to loss of HNCO from the surface. Conclusions. It is unlikely that significant quantities of NH2CHO form from HNCO. In dense regions, however, deuteration of HNCO will occur. HNCO and DNCO will be introduced into the gas phase, even at low temperatures, as a result of chemical desorption.
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