The objective of Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) methods is essentially to extract, from large (image) databases, a specified number of images similar in visual and semantic content to a so-called query image. To bridge the semantic gap that exists between the representation of an image by low-level features (namely, colour, shape, texture) and its high-level semantic content as perceived by humans, CBIR systems typically make use of the relevance feedback (RF) mechanism. RF iteratively incorporates user-given inputs regarding the relevance of retrieved images, to improve retrieval efficiency. One approach is to vary the weights of the features dynamically via feature reweighting. In this work, an attempt has been made to improve retrieval accuracy by enhancing a CBIR system based on color features alone, through implicit incorporation of shape information obtained through prior segmentation of the images. Novel schemes for feature reweighting as well as for initialization of the relevant set for improved relevance feedback, have also been proposed for boosting performance of RF- based CBIR. At the same time, new measures for evaluation of retrieval accuracy have been suggested, to overcome the limitations of existing measures in the RF context. Results of extensive experiments have been presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
Visual media has always been the most enjoyed way of communication. From the advent of television to the modern day hand held computers, we have witnessed the exponential growth of images around us. Undoubtedly it's a fact that they carry a lot of information in them which needs be utilized in an effective manner. Hence intense need has been felt to efficiently index and store large image collections for effective and on- demand retrieval. For this purpose low-level features extracted from the image contents like color, texture and shape has been used. Content based image retrieval systems emp…
In this industry talk at ECIR 2022, we illustrate how we approach the main challenges from large scale cross-domain content-based image retrieval using a cascade method and a combination of our visual search and classification capabilities. Specifically, we present a system that is able to handle the scale of the data for e-commerce usage and the cross-domain nature of the query and gallery image pools. We showcase the approach applied in real-world e-commerce snap and search use case and its impact on ranking and latency performance.
In this paper, we present the efficient content based image retrieval systems which employ the color, texture and shape information of images to facilitate the retrieval process. For efficient feature extraction, we extract the color, texture and shape feature of images automatically using edge detection which is widely used in signal processing and image compression. For facilitated the speedy retrieval we are implements the antipole-tree algorithm for indexing the images.
Query images presented to content-based image retrieval systems often have various different interpretations, making it difficult to identify the search objective pursued by the user. We propose a technique for overcoming this ambiguity, while keeping the amount of required user interaction at a minimum. To achieve this, the neighborhood of the query image is divided into coherent clusters from which the user may choose the relevant ones. A novel feedback integration technique is then employed to re-rank the entire database with regard to both the user feedback and the original query. We evalu…
Content-based image retrieval has seen astonishing progress over the past decade, especially for the task of retrieving images of the same object that is depicted in the query image. This scenario is called instance or object retrieval and requires matching fine-grained visual patterns between images. Semantics, however, do not play a crucial role. This brings rise to the question: Do the recent advances in instance retrieval transfer to more generic image retrieval scenarios? To answer this question, we first provide a brief overview of the most relevant milestones of instance retrieval. We t…
The College of Information Engineering, Xiangtan University（湘潭大学信息工程学院）
Rapid increase of digitized document give birth to high demand of document image retrieval. While conventional document image retrieval approaches depend on complex OCR-based text recognition and text similarity detection, this paper proposes a new content-based approach, in which more attention is paid to features extraction and fusion. In the proposed approach, multiple features of document images are extracted by different CNN models. After that, the extracted CNN features are reduced and fused into weighted average feature. Finally, the document images are ranked based on feature similarit…
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is widely used in the pathological and functional studies of the brain, such as epilepsy, tumor diagnosis, etc. Automated accurate brain tissue segmentation like cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF), gray matter (GM), white matter (WM) is the basis of these studies and many researchers are seeking it to the best. Based on the truth that multi-channel segmentation network with its own ground truth achieves up to average dice ratio 0.98, we propose a novel method that we add a fourth channel with the ground truth of the most similar image's obtained by CBIR from the databa…
Content based image retrieval, a technique which uses visual contents of image to search images from large scale image databases according to users' interests. This paper provides a comprehensive survey on recent technology used in the area of content based face image retrieval. Nowadays digital devices and photo sharing sites are getting more popularity, large human face photos are available in database. Multiple types of facial features are used to represent discriminality on large scale human facial image database. Searching and mining of facial images are challenging problems and important…
Lesion images are frequently taken in open-set settings. Because of this, the image data generated is extremely varied in nature.It is difficult for a convolutional neural network to find proper features and generalise well, as a result content based image retrieval (CBIR) system for lesion images are difficult to build. This paper explores this domain and proposes multiple similarity measures which uses Style Loss and Dice Coefficient via a novel similarity measure called I1-Score. Out of the CBIR similarity measures proposed, pure style loss approach achieves a remarkable accuracy increase o…
The advent of large scale multimedia databases has led to great challenges in content-based image retrieval (CBIR). Even though CBIR is considered an emerging field of research, however it constitutes a strong background for new methodologies and systems implementations. Therefore, many research contributions are focusing on techniques enabling higher image retrieval accuracy while preserving low level of computational complexity. Image retrieval based on texture features is receiving special attention because of the omnipresence of this visual feature in most real-world images. This paper hig…
Yasouj University（亚苏季大学）；Lorestan University（洛雷斯坦大学）；Iran University Of Science and Technology（伊朗科技大学）
Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is a task of retrieving images from their contents. Since retrieval process is a time-consuming task in large image databases, acceleration methods can be very useful. This paper presents a novel method to speed up CBIR systems. In the proposed method, first Zernike moments are extracted from query image and an interval is calculated for that query. Images in database which are out of the interval are ignored in retrieval process. Therefore, a database reduction occurs before retrieval which leads to speed up. It is shown that in reduced database, relevant …
Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) has been one of the most important research areas in computer vision. It is a widely used method for searching images in huge databases. In this paper we present a CBIR system called NOHIS-Search. The system is based on the indexing technique NOHIS-tree. The two phases of the system are described and the performance of the system is illustrated with the image database ImagEval. NOHIS-Search system was compared to other two CBIR systems; the first that using PDDP indexing algorithm and the second system is that using the sequential search. Results show that …
AISSMS Institute Of Information Technology（AISSMS信息技术学院）；Savitribai Phule Pune University（萨维特里拜·普勒浦那大学）；Matoshri COE and Research Center（Matoshri工程与研究学院）
Basic group of visual techniques such as color, shape, texture are used in Content Based Image Retrievals (CBIR) to retrieve query image or subregion of image to find similar images in image database. To improve query result, relevance feedback is used many times in CBIR to help user to express their preference and improve query results.In this paper, a new approach for image retrieval is proposed which is based on the features such as Color Histogram, Eigen Values and Match Point. Images from various types of database are first identified by using edge detection techniques.Once the image is i…
The aim of a Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) system, also known as Query by Image Content (QBIC), is to help users to retrieve relevant images based on their contents. CBIR technologies provide a method to find images in large databases by using unique descriptors from a trained image. The image descriptors include texture, color, intensity and shape of the object inside an image. Several feature-extraction techniques viz., Average RGB, Color Moments, Co-occurrence, Local Color Histogram, Global Color Histogram and Geometric Moment have been critically compared in this paper. However, ind…
Even though it has extensively been shown that retrieval specific training of deep neural networks is beneficial for nearest neighbor image search quality, most of these models are trained and tested in the domain of landmarks images. However, some applications use images from various other domains and therefore need a network with good generalization properties - a general-purpose CBIR model. To the best of our knowledge, no testing protocol has so far been introduced to benchmark models with respect to general image retrieval quality. After analyzing popular image retrieval test sets we deci…
Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication. University of Milano - Bicocca（米兰比可卡大学信息学、系统与传播系）
In this paper we present an extensive evaluation of visual descriptors for the content-based retrieval of remote sensing (RS) images. The evaluation includes global hand-crafted, local hand-crafted, and Convolutional Neural Network (CNNs) features coupled with four different Content-Based Image Retrieval schemes. We conducted all the experiments on two publicly available datasets: the 21-class UC Merced Land Use/Land Cover (LandUse) dataset and 19-class High-resolution Satellite Scene dataset (SceneSat). The content of RS images might be quite heterogeneous, ranging from images containing fine…
Sri Sai Aditya Institute of Science & Technology（斯里赛阿迪蒂亚科学技术学院）；UCE, JNTUK（贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁技术大学卡基纳达分校工程学院）；Bapatla Engineering College（巴帕特拉工程学院）
Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems based on shape using invariant image moments, viz., Moment Invariants (MI) and Zernike Moments (ZM) are available in the literature. MI and ZM are good at representing the shape features of an image. However, non-orthogonality of MI and poor reconstruction of ZM restrict their application in CBIR. Therefore, an efficient and orthogonal moment based CBIR system is needed. Legendre Moments (LM) are orthogonal, computationally faster, and can represent image shape features compactly. CBIR system using Exact Legendre Moments (ELM) for gray scale images …
This paper presents a new method to extract image low-level features, namely mix histogram (MH), for content-based image retrieval. Since color and edge orientation features are important visual information which help the human visual system percept and discriminate different images, this method extracts and integrates color and edge orientation information in order to measure similarity between different images. Traditional color histograms merely focus on the global distribution of color in the image and therefore fail to extract other visual features. The MH is attempting to overcome this p…
University of Tuebingen（蒂宾根大学）；Universidade Federal Fluminense（弗鲁米嫩塞联邦大学）
Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) locates, retrieves and displays images alike to one given as a query, using a set of features. It demands accessible data in medical archives and from medical equipment, to infer meaning after some processing. A problem similar in some sense to the target image can aid clinicians. CBIR complements text-based retrieval and improves evidence-based diagnosis, administration, teaching, and research in healthcare. It facilitates visual/automatic diagnosis and decision-making in real-time remote consultation/screening, store-and-forward tests, home care assistanc…
National Textile University（国立纺织大学）；University of Engineering & Technology, Taxila（塔克西拉工程技术大学）
One of the challenges in Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is to reduce the semantic gaps between low-level features and high-level semantic concepts. In CBIR, the images are represented in the feature space and the performance of CBIR depends on the type of selected feature representation. Late fusion also known as visual words integration is applied to enhance the performance of image retrieval. The recent advances in image retrieval diverted the focus of research towards the use of binary descriptors as they are reported computationally efficient. In this paper, we aim to investigate the…
One of the key challenges of deep learning based image retrieval remains in aggregating convolutional activations into one highly representative feature vector. Ideally, this descriptor should encode semantic, spatial and low level information. Even though off-the-shelf pre-trained neural networks can already produce good representations in combination with aggregation methods, appropriate fine tuning for the task of image retrieval has shown to significantly boost retrieval performance. In this paper, we present a simple yet effective supervised aggregation method built on top of existing reg…
Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur（焦特布尔印度理工学院）
Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is one of the most active research areas in multimedia information retrieval. Given a query image, the task is to search relevant images in a repository. Low level features like color, texture, and shape feature vectors of an image are always considered to be an important attribute in CBIR system. Thus the performance of the CBIR system can be enhanced by combining these feature vectors. In this paper, we propose a novel CBIR framework by applying to index using multiclass SVM and finding the appropriate weights of the individual features automatically usin…
An adversarial query is an image that has been modified to disrupt content-based image retrieval (CBIR) while appearing nearly untouched to the human eye. This paper presents an analysis of adversarial queries for CBIR based on neural, local, and global features. We introduce an innovative neural image perturbation approach, called Perturbations for Image Retrieval Error (PIRE), that is capable of blocking neural-feature-based CBIR. PIRE differs significantly from existing approaches that create images adversarial with respect to CNN classifiers because it is unsupervised, i.e., it needs no la…
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki（塞萨洛尼基亚里士多德大学）
Several deep supervised hashing techniques have been proposed to allow for efficiently querying large image databases. However, deep supervised image hashing techniques are developed, to a great extent, heuristically often leading to suboptimal results. Contrary to this, we propose an efficient deep supervised hashing algorithm that optimizes the learned codes using an information-theoretic measure, the Quadratic Mutual Information (QMI). The proposed method is adapted to the needs of large-scale hashing and information retrieval leading to a novel information-theoretic measure, the Quadratic …
The recent advances brought by deep learning allowed to improve the performance in image retrieval tasks. Through the many convolutional layers, available in a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), it is possible to obtain a hierarchy of features from the evaluated image. At every step, the patches extracted are smaller than the previous levels and more representative. Following this idea, this paper introduces a new detector applied on the feature maps extracted from pre-trained CNN. Specifically, this approach lets to increase the number of features in order to increase the performance of the …
National Cancer Center Research Institute（国立癌症研究中心研究所）；Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo（东京大学信息理工学研究生院）；Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo（东京大学先端科学技术研究中心）
Medical images can be decomposed into normal and abnormal features, which is considered as the compositionality. Based on this idea, we propose an encoder-decoder network to decompose a medical image into two discrete latent codes: a normal anatomy code and an abnormal anatomy code. Using these latent codes, we demonstrate a similarity retrieval by focusing on either normal or abnormal features of medical images.
Indian Institute of Information Technology, Sri City（斯里城印度信息技术学院）
The content based image retrieval aims to find the similar images from a large scale dataset against a query image. Generally, the similarity between the representative features of the query image and dataset images is used to rank the images for retrieval. In early days, various hand designed feature descriptors have been investigated based on the visual cues such as color, texture, shape, etc. that represent the images. However, the deep learning has emerged as a dominating alternative of hand-designed feature engineering from a decade. It learns the features automatically from the data. Thi…
Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems have been widely used for a wide range of applications such as Art collections, Crime prevention and Intellectual property. In this paper, a novel CBIR system, which utilizes visual contents (color, texture and shape) of an image to retrieve images, is proposed. The proposed system builds three feature vectors and stores them into MySQL database. The first feature vector uses descriptive statistics to describe the distribution of data in each channel of RGB channels of the image. The second feature vector describes the texture using eigenvalues of t…
Off-the-shelf convolutional neural network features achieve outstanding results in many image retrieval tasks. However, their invariance to target data is pre-defined by the network architecture and training data. Existing image retrieval approaches require fine-tuning or modification of pre-trained networks to adapt to variations unique to the target data. In contrast, our method enhances the invariance of off-the-shelf features by aggregating features extracted from images augmented at test-time, with augmentations guided by a policy learned through reinforcement learning. The learned policy…
We propose Information-Theoretic Active Learning (ITAL), a novel batch-mode active learning method for binary classification, and apply it for acquiring meaningful user feedback in the context of content-based image retrieval. Instead of combining different heuristics such as uncertainty, diversity, or density, our method is based on maximizing the mutual information between the predicted relevance of the images and the expected user feedback regarding the selected batch. We propose suitable approximations to this computationally demanding problem and also integrate an explicit model of user b…
Feature means countenance, remote sensing scene objects with similar characteristics, associated to interesting scene elements in the image formation process. They are classified into three types in image processing, that is low, middle and high. Low level features are color, texture and middle level feature is shape and high level feature is semantic gap of objects. An image retrieval system is a computer system for browsing, searching and retrieving images from a large image database. Content Based Image Retrieval is a technique which uses visual features of image such as color, shape, textu…
Neuromorphic computing mimics the neural activity of the brain through emulating spiking neural networks. In numerous machine learning tasks, neuromorphic chips are expected to provide superior solutions in terms of cost and power efficiency. Here, we explore the application of Loihi, a neuromorphic computing chip developed by Intel, for the computer vision task of image retrieval. We evaluated the functionalities and the performance metrics that are critical in content-based visual search and recommender systems using deep-learning embeddings. Our results show that the neuromorphic solution i…
Several computer vision and artificial intelligence projects are nowadays exploiting the manifold data distribution using, e.g., the diffusion process. This approach has produced dramatic improvements on the final performance thanks to the application of such algorithms to the kNN graph. Unfortunately, this recent technique needs a manual configuration of several parameters, thus it is not straightforward to find the best configuration for each dataset. Moreover, the brute-force approach is computationally very demanding when used to optimally set the parameters of the diffusion approach. We p…
University of Social Sciences in Łódź（罗兹社会科学大学）；University of Geneva（日内瓦大学）
This paper describes a method for searching for common sets of descriptors between collections of images. The presented method operates on local interest keypoints, which are generated using the SURF algorithm. The use of a dictionary of descriptors allowed achieving good performance of the content-based image retrieval. The method can be used to initially determine a set of similar pairs of keypoints between images. For this purpose, we use a certain level of tolerance between values of descriptors, as values of feature descriptors are almost never equal but similar between different images. …
Academy of Advanced Technology Research of Hunan（湖南先进技术研究院）；Dalian University of Technology（大连理工大学）；Leiden University（莱顿大学）；University of Waterloo（滑铁卢大学）；University of Oulu（奥卢大学）
In recent years a vast amount of visual content has been generated and shared from many fields, such as social media platforms, medical imaging, and robotics. This abundance of content creation and sharing has introduced new challenges, particularly that of searching databases for similar content-Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR)-a long-established research area in which improved efficiency and accuracy are needed for real-time retrieval. Artificial intelligence has made progress in CBIR and has significantly facilitated the process of instance search. In this survey we review recent instan…
A growing number of commercially available mobile phones come with integrated high-resolution digital cameras. That enables a new class of dedicated applications to image analysis such as mobile visual search, image cropping, object detection, content-based image retrieval, image classification. In this paper, a new mobile application for image content retrieval and classification for mobile device display is proposed to enrich the visual experience of users. The mobile application can extract a certain number of images based on the content of an image with visual saliency methods aiming at de…
Lorestan University（洛雷斯坦大学）；Iran University of science and technology（伊朗科学技术大学）
Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) has become one of the most important research directions in the domain of digital data management. In this paper, a new feature extraction schema including the norm of low frequency components in wavelet transformation and color features in RGB and HSV domains are proposed as representative feature vector for images in database followed by appropriate similarity measure for each feature type. In CBIR systems, retrieving results are so sensitive to image features. We address this problem with selection of most relevant features among complete feature set by …
Content-based multimedia information retrieval is an interesting research area since it allows retrieval based on inherent characteristic of multimedia objects. For example retrieval based on visual characteristics such as colour, shapes or textures of objects in images or retrieval based on spatial relationships among objects in the media (images or video clips). This paper reviews some work done in image and video retrieval and then proposes an integrated model that can handle images and video clips uniformly. Using this model retrieval on images or video clips can be done based on the same …
This paper gives a summary of the content-based Image Retrieval and Content-based Audio Retrieval, which are two parts of the Content-based Retrieval. Content-based Retrieval is the retrieval based on the features of the content. Generally, it is a way to extract features of the media data and find other data with the similar features from the database automatically. Content-based Retrieval can not only work on discrete media like texts, but also can be used on continuous media, such as video and audio.
Retrieval and content management are assumed to be mutually exclusive. In this paper we suggest that they need not be so. In the usual information retrieval scenario, some information about queries leading to a website (due to `hits' or `visits') is available to the server administrator of the concerned website. This information can used to better present the content on the website. Further, we suggest that some more information can be shared by the retrieval system with the content provider. This will enable the content provider (any website) to have a more dynamic presentation of the content…
Structural Segmentation for Brazilian Legal Document Retrieval
Câmara dos Deputados（众议院）；Senado Federal（联邦参议院）；Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e da Computação, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)（坎皮纳斯州立大学电气与计算机工程学院）；Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Cariri (UFCA)（卡拉里联邦大学科学与技术中心）
Existing video indexing and retrieval methods on popular web-based multimedia sharing websites are based on user-provided sparse tagging. This paper proposes a very specific way of searching for video clips, based on the content of the video. We present our work on Content-based Video Indexing and Retrieval using the Correspondence-Latent Dirichlet Allocation (corr-LDA) probabilistic framework. This is a model that provides for auto-annotation of videos in a database with textual descriptors, and brings the added benefit of utilizing the semantic relations between the content of the video and …
Three approaches to content-and-structure XML retrieval are analysed in this paper: first by using Zettair, a full-text information retrieval system; second by using eXist, a native XML database, and third by using a hybrid XML retrieval system that uses eXist to produce the final answers from likely relevant articles retrieved by Zettair. INEX 2003 content-and-structure topics can be classified in two categories: the first retrieving full articles as final answers, and the second retrieving more specific elements within articles as final answers. We show that for both topic categories our ini…
The explosive increase and ubiquitous accessibility of visual data on the Web have led to the prosperity of research activity in image search or retrieval. With the ignorance of visual content as a ranking clue, methods with text search techniques for visual retrieval may suffer inconsistency between the text words and visual content. Content-based image retrieval (CBIR), which makes use of the representation of visual content to identify relevant images, has attracted sustained attention in recent two decades. Such a problem is challenging due to the intention gap and the semantic gap problem…
Monash University（莫纳什大学）；University of Melbourne（墨尔本大学）；Monash-Airdoc Research（莫纳什-鹰瞳研究中心）；Monash Medical AI（莫纳什医学人工智能中心）；Monash eResearch Centre（莫纳什电子研究中心）
Content-based medical image retrieval is an important diagnostic tool that improves the explainability of computer-aided diagnosis systems and provides decision making support to healthcare professionals. Medical imaging data, such as radiology images, are often multimorbidity; a single sample may have more than one pathology present. As such, image retrieval systems for the medical domain must be designed for the multi-label scenario. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-label metric learning method that can be used for both classification and content-based image retrieval. In this way, ou…
At present, the de-facto standard for providing contents in the Internet is the World Wide Web. A technology, which is now emerging on the Web, is Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR). CBIR applies methods and algorithms from computer science to analyse and index images based on their visual content. Mobile agents push the flexibility of distributed systems to their limits since not only computations are dynamically distributed but also the code that performs them. The current commercial applet-based methodologies for accessing image database systems offer limited flexibility, scalability and …
Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University（国立台湾大学通信工程研究所）；Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University（国立台湾大学电机工程学系）
User-machine interaction is important for spoken content retrieval. For text content retrieval, the user can easily scan through and select on a list of retrieved item. This is impossible for spoken content retrieval, because the retrieved items are difficult to show on screen. Besides, due to the high degree of uncertainty for speech recognition, the retrieval results can be very noisy. One way to counter such difficulties is through user-machine interaction. The machine can take different actions to interact with the user to obtain better retrieval results before showing to the user. The sui…
The digital image data is rapidly expanding in quantity and heterogeneity. The traditional information retrieval techniques does not meet the user's demand, so there is need to develop an efficient system for content based image retrieval. Content based image retrieval means retrieval of images from database on the basis of visual features of image like as color, texture etc. In our proposed method feature are extracted after applying Phong shading on input image. Phong shading, flattering out the dull surfaces of the image The features are extracted using color, texture & edge density methods…
