The benefit of sexual recombination is one of the most fundamental questions both in population genetics and evolutionary computation. It is widely believed that recombination helps solving difficult optimization problems. We present the first result, which rigorously proves that it is beneficial to use sexual recombination in an uncertain environment with a noisy fitness function. For this, we model sexual recombination with a simple estimation of distribution algorithm called the Compact Genetic Algorithm (cGA), which we compare with the classical $μ+1$ EA. For a simple noisy fitness function with additive Gaussian posterior noise $\mathcal{N}(0,σ^2)$, we prove that the mutation-only $μ+1$ EA typically cannot handle noise in polynomial time for $σ^2$ large enough while the cGA runs in polynomial time as long as the population size is not too small. This shows that in this uncertain environment sexual recombination is provably beneficial. We observe the same behavior in a small empirical study.
It has recently been suggested that evolution exploits a form of fitness landscape smoothing within eukaryotic sex due to the haploid-diploid cycle. This short paper presents a simple modification to the standard evolutionary computing algorithm to similarly benefit from the process. Using the well-known NK model of fitness landscapes it is shown that the benefit emerges as ruggedness is increased.
CISUC（科英布拉大学信息与系统中心）；University of Coimbra（科英布拉大学）
Maintaining genetic diversity as a means to avoid premature convergence is critical in Genetic Programming. Several approaches have been proposed to achieve this, with some focusing on the mating phase from coupling dissimilar solutions to some form of self-adaptive selection mechanism. In nature, genetic diversity can be the consequence of many different factors, but when considering reproduction Sexual Selection can have an impact on promoting variety within a species. Specifically, Mate Choice often results in different selective pressures between sexes, which in turn may trigger evolutiona…
In noisy evolutionary optimization, sampling is a common strategy to deal with noise. By the sampling strategy, the fitness of a solution is evaluated multiple times (called \emph{sample size}) independently, and its true fitness is then approximated by the average of these evaluations. Most previous studies on sampling are empirical, and the few theoretical studies mainly showed the effectiveness of sampling with a sufficiently large sample size. In this paper, we theoretically examine what strategies can work when sampling with any fixed sample size fails. By constructing a family of artific…
Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are a sort of nature-inspired metaheuristics, which have wide applications in various practical optimization problems. In these problems, objective evaluations are usually inaccurate, because noise is almost inevitable in real world, and it is a crucial issue to weaken the negative effect caused by noise. Sampling is a popular strategy, which evaluates the objective a couple of times, and employs the mean of these evaluation results as an estimate of the objective value. In this work, we introduce a novel sampling method, median sampling, into EAs, and illustrate …
Evolutionary algorithms (EA) based neural architecture search (NAS) involves evaluating each architecture by training it from scratch, which is extremely time-consuming. This can be reduced by using a supernet for estimating the fitness of an architecture due to weight sharing among all architectures in the search space. However, the estimated fitness is very noisy due to the co-adaptation of the operations in the supernet which results in NAS methods getting trapped in local optimum. In this paper, we propose a method called NEvoNAS wherein the NAS problem is posed as a multi-objective proble…
Already Moderate Population Sizes Provably Yield Strong Robustness to Noise
The University of Adelaide（阿德莱德大学）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；École Polytechnique（巴黎综合理工学院）；Institut Polytechnique de Paris（巴黎理工学院）；HSE University（高等经济大学）；Skoltech（斯科尔科沃科学技术研究院）
Learning classifier systems (LCSs) are evolutionary machine learning algorithms, flexible enough to be applied to reinforcement, supervised and unsupervised learning problems with good performance. Recently, self organizing classifiers were proposed which are similar to LCSs but have the advantage that in its structured population no balance between niching and fitness pressure is necessary. However, more tests and analysis are required to verify its benefits. Here, a variation of the first algorithm is proposed which uses a parameterless self organizing map (SOM). This algorithm is applied in…
Biological and cultural inspired optimization algorithms are nowadays part of the basic toolkit of a great many research domains. By mimicking processes in nature and animal societies, these general-purpose search algorithms promise to deliver optimal or near-optimal solutions using hardly any information on the optimization problems they are set to tackle. Here we study the performances of a cultural-inspired algorithm -- the imitative learning search -- as well as of asexual and sexual variants of evolutionary algorithms in finding the global maxima of NK-fitness landscapes. The main perform…
