正则化线性反演对宽线区的约束：五个邻近活动星系核的速度延迟图
Constraints on the broad line region from regularized linear inversion: Velocity-delay maps for five nearby active galactic nuclei
摘要：
混响成像是研究活动星系核（AGN）宽发射线区（BLR）结构的一种方法。BLR气体的运动学可以用来测量中心超大质量黑洞的质量。影响黑洞质量测定的主要不确定性是BLR的结构。我们提出了一种新的方法混响映射的基础上正则化线性反演（RLI），包括模拟活动星系核连续光变曲线。这使得能够快速计算速度分辨响应图以约束BLR结构。RLI允许负响应，例如当BLR的某些区域与电离连续发光度的变化成反比时。我们目前的时间延迟，综合响应函数，和速度延迟地图的$\rm{H}\,β$广泛的发射线在五个附近的活动星系核，以及$\rm{H}\,α$和$\rm{H}\,γ$在Arp 151，使用的数据从舔活动星系核监测项目2008年。我们发现提示反应的对象（Arp 151，NGC 5548和SBS 1116+ 583 A）与额外的提示反应在红翼的$\rm{H}\,β$。在SBS 1116+583A中，我们发现了多模态广泛迅速反应的证据，随后在10天出现第二次狭窄反应。我们没有发现明显的负面反应。结果是互补的，并与其他方法，如互相关，最大熵和动力学建模一致。正则化线性反演与连续光变曲线建模提供了一种快速，互补的方法，速度分辨混响映射，适用于大型数据集。
英文摘要：
Reverberation mapping probes the structure of the broad emission-line region (BLR) in active galactic nuclei (AGN). The kinematics of the BLR gas can be used to measure the mass of the central supermassive black hole. The main uncertainty affecting black hole mass determinations is the structure of the BLR. We present a new method for reverberation mapping based on regularized linear inversion (RLI) that includes modelling of the AGN continuum light curves. This enables fast calculation of velocity-resolved response maps to constrain BLR structure. RLI allows for negative response, such as when some areas of the BLR respond in inverse proportion to a change in ionizing continuum luminosity. We present time delays, integrated response functions, and velocity-delay maps for the $\rm{H}\,β$ broad emission line in five nearby AGN, as well as for $\rm{H}\,α$ and $\rm{H}\,γ$ in Arp 151, using data from the Lick AGN Monitoring Project 2008. We find indications of prompt response in three of the objects (Arp 151, NGC 5548 and SBS 1116+583A) with additional prompt response in the red wing of $\rm{H}\,β$. In SBS 1116+583A we find evidence for a multimodal broad prompt response followed by a second narrow response at 10 days. We find no clear indications of negative response. The results are complementary to, and consistent with, other methods such as cross correlation, maximum entropy and dynamical modelling. Regularized linear inversion with continuum light curve modelling provides a fast, complementary method for velocity-resolved reverberation mapping and is suitable for use on large datasets.
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