一维光学超晶格中三维费米气体的加载与探测
Loading and detecting a three-dimensional Fermi gas in one-dimensional optical superlattice
摘要：
研究了在一维光学超晶格势中加载和探测三维费米子量子气体的过程。此外，我们考虑了超晶格势突变后的弛豫动力学。我们数值模拟的时间依赖的演化的连续系统使用非相互作用费米子的精确对角化。在加载过程中，我们分析了瞬时能级的占用情况，并比较了均匀系统和捕获系统的情况。强烈的差异，特别是在我们追溯到不同的全球密度分布的激发的演变。从超晶格势的不平衡态出发，考虑超晶格势缓慢变化后费米子的弛豫动力学，并发现激发的双模分布。为了能够与实验结果进行比较，我们还模拟了偶数和奇数局部密度的测量序列，并发现结果对实际斜坡过程的强烈依赖性。我们建议如何加载和检测程序可以优化。
英文摘要：
We investigate the procedures of loading and detecting three-dimensional fermionic quantum gases in a one-dimensional optical superlattice potential subjected to a trapping potential. Additionally, we consider the relaxation dynamics after a sudden change of the superlattice potential. We numerically simulate the time-dependent evolution of the continuous system using exact diagonalization of non-interacting fermions. During the loading procedure we analyze the occupation of the instantaneous energy levels and compare the situation in a homogeneous system with the trapped one. Strong differences are found in particular in the evolution of excitations which we trace back to the distinct global density distribution. Starting from an imbalanced state in the superlattice potential, we consider the relaxation dynamics of fermions after a slow change of the superlattice potential and find a bimodule distribution of excitations. To be able to compare with the experimental results we also simulate the measurement sequence of the even and odd local density and find a strong dependence of the outcome on the actual ramp procedure. We suggest how the loading and detecting procedure can be optimized.
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