双向装卸货物自动化系统的节能轨道引导车辆路径
Energy-efficient Rail Guided Vehicle Routing for Two-Sided Loading/Unloading Automated Freight Handling System
摘要：
轨道引导车辆（RGV）广泛应用于自动货物处理系统（AFHS）中，以运输激增的航空货物。这类车辆的节能路线对于财政和环境可持续性都具有重大意义。给定一个多容量RGV在AFHS的线性轨道上工作，我们考虑其最优路由双边加载/卸载（TSLU）操作下，在冲突避免和时间窗口约束下的能量消耗最小化。能量消耗考虑了RGV的路径依赖的总重和动力学，并且避免冲突的约束确保了TSLU操作下的无冲突运输服务。该问题被制定为一个混合整数线性规划，并解决了有效的不等式，利用结构特性的问题。静态问题模型和解决方法，然后结合滚动时域方法来解决动态路由问题，航空货物进入和离开系统的动态时间。仿真结果表明，所提出的策略是能够路由RGV运输航空货物的能源成本，是大大低于目前实践中最常用的启发式方法之一。
英文摘要：
Rail-guided vehicles (RGVs) are widely employed in automated freight handling system (AFHS) to transport surging air cargo. Energy-efficient routing of such vehicles is of great interest for both financial and environmental sustainability. Given a multi-capacity RGV working on a linear track in AFHS, we consider its optimal routing under two-sided loading/unloading (TSLU) operations, in which energy consumption is minimized under conflict-avoidance and time window constraints. The energy consumption takes account of routing-dependent gross weight and dynamics of the RGV, and the conflict-avoidance constraints ensure conflict-free transport service under TSLU operations. The problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear program, and solved by incorporating valid inequalities that exploit structural properties of the problem. The static problem model and solution approach are then integrated with a rolling-horizon approach to solve the dynamic routing problem where air cargo enters and departs from the system dynamically in time. Simulation results suggest that the proposed strategy is able to route an RGV to transport air cargo with an energy cost that is considerably lower than one of the most commonly used heuristic methods implemented in current practice.
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