逃逸、吸积还是恒星形成？类星体Markarian 231中的气体消耗器
Escape, Accretion or Star Formation? The Competing Depleters of Gas in the Quasar Markarian 231
摘要：
本文报道了分子外流宿主和最近类星体Markarian 231的高分辨率CO（1-0）、CS（2-1）和3 mm连续谱毫米天文研究组合阵（CARMA）观测结果。我们使用CS（2-1）测量来推导出$1.8\pm0.3\times10^{10}~M_\odot$的Mrk 231内的致密气体质量，与以前的测量一致。CS（2-1）数据似乎也表明Mrk 231的分子盘正在以正常的效率形成恒星。高分辨率CARMA观测能够将CO（1-0）流出分解为两个不同的叶，允许进行尺寸估计并进一步约束分子流出动力学时间，进一步约束分子气体逃逸速率。我们发现，在Mrk 231流出的15%的分子气体实际上超过了中央千秒差距的逃逸速度。假设分子气体不是不断地被加速，我们发现Mrk 231中分子气体的耗尽时标是49 Myr，而不是32 Myr，这与在该系统中观察到的星暴后恒星星族更一致。
英文摘要：
We report on high resolution CO(1-0), CS(2-1) and 3mm continuum Combined Array for Research in Millimeter Astronomy (CARMA) observations of the molecular outflow host and nearest quasar Markarian 231. We use the CS(2-1) measurements to derive a dense gas mass within Mrk231 of $1.8\pm0.3\times10^{10}~M_\odot$, consistent with previous measurements. The CS(2-1) data also seem to indicate that the molecular disk of Mrk231 is forming stars at about normal efficiency. The high resolution CARMA observations were able to resolve the CO(1-0) outflow into two distinct lobes, allowing for a size estimate to be made and further constraining the molecular outflow dynamical time, further constraining the molecular gas escape rate. We find that 15% of the molecular gas within the Mrk231 outflow actually exceeds the escape velocity in the central kiloparsec. Assuming that molecular gas is not constantly being accelerated, we find the depletion timescale of molecular gas in Mrk231 to be 49Myr, rather than 32Myr, more consistent with the poststarburst stellar population observed in the system.
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