原子-分子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中自旋-轨道耦合控制的类二氧化碳Skyrmion
Carbon-dioxide-like Skyrmion controlled by spin-orbit coupling in atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates
摘要：
原子-分子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）为量子气体的革命性发展和以前所未有的灵敏度探测基本常数的变化提供了全新的机会。BEC中自旋轨道耦合（SOC）的实现为探索其他地方无法实现的全新现象提供了一个新的平台。然而，目前还没有SOC原子-分子BEC的研究。在这里，我们发现了一种新的方法来创建一个Rashba-Dresselhaus SOC的原子-分子BEC相结合的自旋相关的光缔合和拉曼耦合，它可以控制一种新的类型的拓扑激发的形成和分布-CO2-like Skyrmion。该Skyrmion是由两个分子BEC的半Skyrmion与一个原子BEC的Skyrmion耦合而成，其中两个半Skyrmion位于一个Skyrmion的两侧，在实际实验中可以通过使用飞行时间吸收成像技术测量涡旋结构来检测。
英文摘要：
Atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) offer brand new opportunities to revolutionize quantum gases and probe the variation of fundamental constants with unprecedented sensitivity. The recent realization of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in BECs provides a new platform for exploring completely new phenomena unrealizable elsewhere. However, there is no study of SOC atomic-molecular BECs so far. Here, we find a novel way of creating a Rashba-Dresselhaus SOC in atomic-molecular BECs by combining the spin dependent photoassociation and Raman coupling, which can control the formation and distribution of a new type of topological excitation -- carbon-dioxide-like Skyrmion. This Skyrmion is formed by two half-Skyrmions of molecular BECs coupling with one Skyrmion of atomic BECs, where the two half-Skyrmions locates at both sides of one Skyrmion, which can be detected by measuring the vortices structures using the time-of-flight absorption imaging technique in real experiments.
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