非仿射缺陷前驱体的统计：利用外场剪裁胶体晶体中的缺陷密度
Statistics of non-affine defect precursors: tailoring defect densities in colloidal crystals using external fields
摘要：
固体中的粗粒化原子位移产生局部仿射应变和“非仿射”波动。在这里，我们研究这些粗粒度的量的平衡动力学，以获得时空相关的关联函数。我们展示了这些热激发，非仿射波动的子集作为晶格缺陷的成核的前体，并建议如何缺陷概率可能会改变由{ \it实验可实现}“外部”场共轭的全球非亲和参数。我们的研究结果是经得起验证的实验中使用常用的全息激光镊子和视频显微镜技术的胶体晶体，并可能导致简单的方法来控制缺陷密度的胶体固体。
英文摘要：
Coarse-graining atomic displacements in a solid produces both local affine strains and "non-affine" fluctuations. Here we study the equilibrium dynamics of these coarse grained quantities to obtain space-time dependent correlation functions. We show how a subset of these thermally excited, non-affine fluctuations act as precursors for the nucleation of lattice defects and suggest how defect probabilities may be altered by an {\it experimentally realisable} "external" field conjugate to the global non-affinity parameter. Our results are amenable to verification in experiments on colloidal crystals using commonly available holographic laser tweezer and video microscopy techniques, and may lead to simple ways of controlling the defect density of a colloidal solid.
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