功能性光声神经断层扫描（FONT）用于全脑钙指标监测
Functional optoacoustic neuro-tomography (FONT) for whole-brain monitoring of calcium indicators
摘要：
对分布于整个大脑的大神经元群体的时空神经活动的非侵入性观察是神经科学的长期目标。我们开发了一种实时体积和多光谱光声断层扫描平台，用于散射大脑深处的神经激活成像。该系统可以在200 mm 3的视场内每秒记录100个体积帧，空间分辨率低于70 μ m。在固定且自由游泳的幼虫和成年斑马鱼大脑中进行的实验首次证明了光声跟踪用遗传编码的钙指示剂GCaMP 5G标记的动物神经钙动力学的基本能力，同时克服了光学成像的长期渗透障碍在分散的大脑中。新开发的平台为快速钙动力学的功能性全脑观察提供了前所未有的能力;结合光声学在解决血管血流动力学方面的成熟能力，它可以在健康和疾病的神经活动和神经血管耦合研究中开辟新的前景。
英文摘要：
Non-invasive observation of spatiotemporal neural activity of large neural populations distributed over entire brains is a longstanding goal of neuroscience. We developed a real-time volumetric and multispectral optoacoustic tomography platform for imaging of neural activation deep in scattering brains. The system can record 100 volumetric frames per second across a 200mm3 field of view and spatial resolutions below 70um. Experiments performed in immobilized and freely swimming larvae and in adult zebrafish brains demonstrate, for the first time, the fundamental ability to optoacoustically track neural calcium dynamics in animals labeled with genetically encoded calcium indicator GCaMP5G, while overcoming the longstanding penetration barrier of optical imaging in scattering brains. The newly developed platform offers unprecedented capabilities for functional whole-brain observations of fast calcium dynamics; in combination with optoacoustics' well-established capacity in resolving vascular hemodynamics, it could open new vistas in the study of neural activity and neurovascular coupling in health and disease.
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