裂变空间靶中丰中子超铀核的合成
Synthesis of neutron-rich transuranic nuclei in fissile spallation targets
摘要：
本文讨论了在加速器驱动系统（ADS）的空间靶中合成中子能及超重元素的可能性。开发了一个名为核素组成动力学（NuCoD）的专用软件，用于模拟强质子和氘束长时间照射期间靶中同位素组成的演变。模拟结果表明，超铀元素Bk-249可以在多个中子俘获反应中产生宏观量。然而，在溅射靶中可实现的中子通量仍然不足以克服所谓的费米能隙。进一步优化靶的设计，特别是包括慢化材料并用反射器覆盖，将使ADS成为核裂变反应堆之外的超铀元素的替代来源。
英文摘要：
A possibility of synthesizing neutron-reach super-heavy elements in spallation targets of Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) is considered. A dedicated software called Nuclide Composition Dynamics (NuCoD) was developed to model the evolution of isotope composition in the targets during a long-time irradiation by intense proton and deuteron beams. Simulation results show that transuranic elements up to Bk-249 can be produced in multiple neutron capture reactions in macroscopic quantities. However, the neutron flux achievable in a spallation target is still insufficient to overcome the so-called fermium gap. Further optimization of the target design, in particular, by including moderating material and covering it by a reflector will turn ADS into an alternative source of transuranic elements in addition to nuclear fission reactors.
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