超分子包合提高菁染料的亮度和光稳定性
Enhanced brightness and photostability of cyanine dyes by supramolecular containment
摘要：
超灵敏检测和实时监测生物过程可以显着受益于改善亮度和光稳定性的流行的有机染料，如花青。在这里，使用模型花青染料Cy 3，我们证明了染料的亮度和光稳定性在被捕获在分子容器中时会发生显着改变，例如葫芦[n]脲（CB[n]）和环糊精（CD）。通过计算建模，我们预测Cy 3与三种不同的主体CB[7]，β-CD和甲基-β-CD形成稳定的包合物，这通过使用荧光相关光谱的单分子扩散测量进一步证实。发现超分子包封对Cy 3生物物理性质的影响具有高度的宿主特异性。当染料被捕获在甲基-β-CD中时，由于染料吸收和量子产率的增加，观察到Cy 3的亮度增加高达三倍。稳态和时间分辨光谱的各种配合物显示，主机的偏振性和有限的流动性的染料在主机都有助于观察到的分子亮度的增加。此外，染料分子包埋在CD中导致染料光稳定性显著增加，而染料在CB中降解更快[7]。这些结果表明，超分子包封所提供的染料的物理化学性质的变化是高度依赖于主体分子。报道的亮度和光稳定性的改善以及环糊精的优异生物相容性使得超分子包封成为常规染料增强的可行策略。
英文摘要：
Ultrasensitive detection and real-time monitoring of biological processes can benefit significantly from the improved brightness and photostability of the popular organic dyes such as cyanines. Here, using a model cyanine dye, Cy3, we demonstrate that brightness and photostability of the dye is significantly altered when trapped in a molecular container, e.g. cucurbit[n]urils (CB[n]) and cyclodextrins (CD).Through computational modeling, we predicted that Cy3 forms a stable inclusion complex with three different hosts, CB[7], beta-CD, and methyl-beta-CD, which was further confirmed by single-molecule diffusion measurements using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The effect of supramolecular encapsulation on Cy3 photophysical properties was found to be highly host-specific. Up to three-fold increase in brightness of Cy3 was observed when the dye was trapped in methyl-beta-CD, due to an increase in both dye absorption and quantum yield. Steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy of the various complexes revealed that host polarizability and restricted mobility of the dye in the host both contribute to the observed increase in molecular brightness. Furthermore, entrapment of the dye molecule in CDs resulted in a marked increase in dye photostability, whereas the dye degraded more rapidly in CB[7]. These results suggest that the changes in photophysical properties of the dye afforded by supramolecular encapsulation are highly dependent on the host molecule. The reported improvement in brightness and photostability together with the excellent biocompatibility of cyclodextrins makes supramolecular encapsulation a viable strategy for routine dye enhancement.
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