恢复人机本性
Reclaiming human machine nature
摘要：
通过人工制品生产来扩展和改变他的生活领域是人类的主要特征之一。从第一个原始人类使用木棍或石头来伸展上肢并增强手势力量，到目前使用技术来增强人类认知，感知和行动的系统工程师，扩展人体能力仍然是一个大问题。五十多年来，控制论、计算机和认知科学只提出了一种人类机器系统的简化模型：认知系统。受哲学、行为主义心理学和信息处理隐喻的启发，认知系统范式要求对人类系统设计过程进行功能观和功能分析。在这种设计方法中，人在一种新的二元论中被还原为他的形而上学和功能属性。人体的要求已经留给物理工效学或“生理学”。随着多学科的融合，“人机”系统和“人工制品”的问题也在演变。人类有机体与交互和信息物理人工制品之间的生物和社会边界的丧失对认知系统的当前工程方法和人机工程设计提出了质疑。随着重症监护、人类空间活动或生物工程系统人机系统的新发展，需要将人类系统设计建立在新的认识论框架之上，以建立未来的人类系统模型和基于证据的“生物工程”。在这种背景下，回收人的因素，增强人和人的机器本质是必要的
英文摘要：
Extending and modifying his domain of life by artifact production is one of the main characteristics of humankind. From the first hominid, who used a wood stick or a stone for extending his upper limbs and augmenting his gesture strength, to current systems engineers who used technologies for augmenting human cognition, perception and action, extending human body capabilities remains a big issue. From more than fifty years cybernetics, computer and cognitive sciences have imposed only one reductionist model of human machine systems: cognitive systems. Inspired by philosophy, behaviorist psychology and the information treatment metaphor, the cognitive system paradigm requires a function view and a functional analysis in human systems design process. According that design approach, human have been reduced to his metaphysical and functional properties in a new dualism. Human body requirements have been left to physical ergonomics or "physiology". With multidisciplinary convergence, the issues of "human-machine" systems and "human artifacts" evolve. The loss of biological and social boundaries between human organisms and interactive and informational physical artifact questions the current engineering methods and ergonomic design of cognitive systems. New developpment of human machine systems for intensive care, human space activities or bio-engineering sytems requires grounding human systems design on a renewed epistemological framework for future human systems model and evidence based "bio-engineering". In that context, reclaiming human factors, augmented human and human machine nature is a necessity
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
