单粒子Wannier-Zeeman系统的Bloch-Landau-Zener动力学
Bloch-Landau-Zener dynamics in single-particle Wannier-Zeeman systems
摘要：
通过梯度磁场实现自旋相关隧穿的实验刺激[Phys. Rev. Lett. 111，225301（2013）; Phys.Rev.Lett. 111，185301（2013）]，我们研究了在自旋相关的恒定力的影响下，周期势中单个自旋半粒子的Bloch振荡和Landau-Zener隧穿的动力学。类似于Wannier-Stark系统，我们称我们的系统为Wannier-Zeeman系统。如果两个自旋态之间没有耦合，系统可以用两个倾斜方向相反的Wannier-Stark阶梯来描述。当两个自旋态被外场耦合时，两个Wannier-Stark阶梯之间的空间交叉变为空间反交叉。对于远离空间反交叉的波包，由于自旋相关的恒力，它将经历由本征带内Bloch振荡辅助的空间Landau-Zener跃迁，我们称之为Bloch-Landau-Zener动力学。如果自旋间耦合足够强，系统将经历绝热的布洛赫-朗道-齐纳动力学过程，其中自旋动力学遵循局域修饰态。另外，对于非强自旋间耦合，系统经历非绝热的Bloch-Landau-Zener动力学。
英文摘要：
Stimulated by the experimental realization of spin-dependent tunneling via gradient magnetic field [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 225301 (2013); Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 185301 (2013)], we investigate dynamics of Bloch oscillations and Landau-Zener tunneling of single spin-half particles in a periodic potential under the influence of a spin-dependent constant force. In analogy to the Wannier-Stark system, we call our system as the Wannier-Zeeman system. If there is no coupling between the two spin states, the system can be described by two crossing Wannier-Stark ladders with opposite tilts. The spatial crossing between two Wannier-Stark ladders becomes a spatial anti-crossing if the two spin states are coupled by external fields. For a wave-packet away from the spatial anti-crossing, due to the spin-dependent constant force, it will undergo spatial Landau-Zener transitions assisted by the intrinsic intra-band Bloch oscillations, which we call the Bloch-Landau-Zener dynamics. If the inter-spin coupling is sufficiently strong, the system undergoes adiabatic Bloch-Landau-Zener dynamics, in which the spin dynamics follows the local dressed states. Otherwise, for non-strong inter-spin couplings, the system undergoes non-adiabatic Bloch-Landau-Zener dynamics.
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