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arXiv 1409.6941math.OCcs.SYeess.SY
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均场控制模型中个体风险的探讨:用于分布式控制的应用,自动化需求响应

Individual risk in mean-field control models for decentralized control, with application to automated demand response

University of Florida(佛罗里达大学);Inria(法国国家信息与自动化研究所)

Yue Chen, Ana Bušić, Sean Meyn

AI总结:

本文探讨了均场控制模型中个体风险的问题,通过分析发现平均性能不足以衡量成功,且通过局部控制可消除风险并保证服务质量。

摘要:

电力大电网中可利用能源消耗的灵活性用于辅助服务。在先前工作中,作者引入了一种随机控制架构用于个体负载。在示例中显示,该控制架构可以设计为在电网层面易于控制负载:可以跟踪平衡机构参考信号,同时确保每个负载的平均服务质量可接受。分析基于均场极限(当负载数量趋于无穷时)以及对聚合非线性模型的线性时不变(LTI)系统近似。本文深入探讨了这些系统中的个体风险问题。本文的主要贡献有两类:风险被建模并量化:(i)平均性能不是成功的充分衡量标准。经实验证实,服务质量(QoS)的直方图近似高斯分布,因此每个负载最终将接收差劣服务。(ii)方差可以从改进的LTI模型中估计,该模型包含白噪声干扰;方差是随机策略以及参考信号功率谱密度的函数。额外的局部控制可以消除风险:(iii)通过这种局部控制截断服务质量直方图,从而保证严格的服务质量界限。(iv)这在电网层面性能上影响有限,仅在辅助服务容量上带来适度的减少。

英文摘要:

Flexibility of energy consumption can be harnessed for the purposes of ancillary services in a large power grid. In prior work by the authors a randomized control architecture is introduced for individual loads for this purpose. In examples it is shown that the control architecture can be designed so that control of the loads is easy at the grid level: Tracking of a balancing authority reference signal is possible, while ensuring that the quality of service (QoS) for each load is acceptable on average. The analysis was based on a mean field limit (as the number of loads approaches infinity), combined with an LTI-system approximation of the aggregate nonlinear model. This paper examines in depth the issue of individual risk in these systems. The main contributions of the paper are of two kinds: Risk is modeled and quantified: (i) The average performance is not an adequate measure of success. It is found empirically that a histogram of QoS is approximately Gaussian, and consequently each load will eventually receive poor service. (ii) The variance can be estimated from a refinement of the LTI model that includes a white-noise disturbance; variance is a function of the randomized policy, as well as the power spectral density of the reference signal. Additional local control can eliminate risk: (iii) The histogram of QoS is truncated through this local control, so that strict bounds on service quality are guaranteed. (iv) This has insignificant impact on the grid-level performance, beyond a modest reduction in capacity of ancillary service.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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