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arXiv 1409.6504astro-ph.HE
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黑洞的颜色:XTE J1550-564中热吸积盘的红外耀斑

Colours of black holes: infrared flares from the hot accretion disc in XTE J1550-564

Juri Poutanen, Alexandra Veledina, Mikhail G. Revnivtsev

摘要:

黑洞(BH)X射线双星的爆发是我们银河系中大约每年发生一次的戏剧性事件。它们被X射线望远镜探测到,并经常在更长的波长下被监测。我们分析了BH双星XTE J1550-564在2000年爆发期间的X射线和光学/红外(OIR)光变曲线。通过使用观测到的极端颜色以及OIR和X射线光变曲线的特征衰减时间尺度,我们对源的消光提出了强有力的约束。我们准确地分离的OIR通量的照射吸积盘和非热组件的贡献。我们发现,OIR非热成分出现在X射线状态转换期间的上升和衰减的一部分,在几乎相同的X射线硬度,但在光度不同的3倍的爆发。在X射线硬度-通量图上,非热成分的淬火/恢复线似乎与致密射电喷流的“喷流线”相吻合。推断的光谱形状和演化的非热成分在爆发过程中,然而,是不一致的喷流的起源,但自然解释的混合热流的情况下,非热电子发射同步辐射在OIR波段。这意味着热流的存在和致密喷流之间有密切的、可能是因果的联系。我们发现,非热成分硬化期间的硬状态在衰变阶段的爆发,这表明,在低吸积率的加速效率是半径的陡峭函数。

英文摘要:

Outbursts of the black hole (BH) X-ray binaries are dramatic events occurring in our Galaxy approximately once a year. They are detected by the X-ray telescopes and often monitored at longer wavelengths. We analyse the X-ray and optical/infrared (OIR) light curves of the BH binary XTE J1550-564 during the 2000 outburst. By using the observed extreme colours as well as the characteristic decay time-scales of the OIR and X-ray light curves, we put strong constraints on the extinction towards the source. We accurately separate the contributions to the OIR flux of the irradiated accretion disc and a non-thermal component. We show that the OIR non-thermal component appears during the X-ray state transitions both during the rising and the decaying part of the outburst at nearly the same X-ray hardness but at luminosities differing by a factor of 3. The line marking the quenching/recovery of the non-thermal component at the X-ray hardness-flux diagram seems to coincide with the "jet line" that marks the presence of the compact radio jet. The inferred spectral shape and the evolution of the non-thermal component during the outburst, however, are not consistent with the jet origin, but are naturally explained in terms of the hybrid hot flow scenario, where non-thermal electrons emit synchrotron radiation in the OIR band. This implies a close, possibly causal connection between the presence of the hot flow and the compact jet. We find that the non-thermal component is hardening during the hard state at the decaying stage of the outburst, which indicates that the acceleration efficiency is a steep function of radius at low accretion rate.

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