We present a first-principles computational study of solid 4He at T=0K and pressures up to 160GPa. Our computational strategy consists in using van der Waals density functional theory (DFT-vdW) to describe the electronic degrees of freedom in this material, and the diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) method to solve the Schrodinger equation describing the behavior of the quantum nuclei. For this, we construct an analytical interaction function based on the pairwise Aziz potential that closely matches the volume variation of the cohesive energy calculated with DFT-vdW in dense helium. Interestingly, we find that the kinetic energy of solid 4He does not increase appreciably with compression for P > 85GPa. Also, we show that the Lindemann ratio in dense solid 4He amounts to 0.10 almost independently of pressure. The reliability of customary quasi-harmonic DFT (QH DFT) approaches in the description of quantum nuclear effects in solids is also studied. We find that QH DFT simulations, although provide a reasonable equation of state in agreement with experiments, are not able to reproduce correctly these critical effects in compressed 4He. In particular, we disclose huge discrepancies of at least ~50% in the calculated 4He kinetic energies using both the QH DFT and present DFT-DMC methods.
Order and randomness in dopant distributions: exploring the thermodynamics of solid solutions from atomically resolved imaging
作为掺杂剂浓度的函数的结构-性质关系的探索通常基于固溶体的平均场论。然而,这些理论在半导体中很好地工作,在具有强相关性的材料中往往会失败,无论是在电子行为还是化学分离方面。在这些情况下,原子排列的细节通常不会被探索和分析。材料的生成物理和化学的知识可以解决这个问题,因为可以生成作为原子级结构的随机表示的缺陷配置库,或者可以导出介观热力学模型的参数。为了获得这些信息,以改进预测,我们使用原子分辨的显微图像,可视化系统内复杂的结构相关性,并将其转化为结构形成的统计力学模型的数据。鉴于材料加工历史的微观方面存在显著的不确定性,以及可用图像的数量有限,我们将模型优化技术与统计假设检验的原则相结合。我们证明了从一系列的原子分辨扫描透射电子显微镜图像的Mo $_x$ Re $_{1-x}$ S $_2$在不同比例的Mo/Re化学计量的数据上的方法,为此,我们提出了一个有效的相互作用模型,然后用于生成原子配置,并在一系列的浓度和形成温度进行可测试的预测。
Atomic-resolution imaging of gold species at organic liquid-solid interfaces
University of Manchester(曼彻斯特大学);National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester(曼彻斯特大学国家石墨烯研究所);Diamond Light Source(英国钻石光源实验室);Max Planck−Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University(卡迪夫大学化学学院卡迪夫催化研究所马克斯·普朗克-卡迪夫异相催化基础中心);Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University(卡迪夫大学化学学院卡迪夫催化研究所);School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Sheffield(谢菲尔德大学数理科学学院);University of Oxford(牛津大学);Henry Royce Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Manchester(曼彻斯特大学亨利·罗伊先进材料研究所)
Combined cluster and atomic displacement expansion for solid solutions and magnetism
有限温度无序固溶体和磁性材料很难直接使用第一性原理计算进行研究,因为需要大的晶胞和许多独立的样品。在这项工作中,我们开发了一个组合的集群扩展和原子位移扩展,我们适合第一原理能量,力和应力。然后,我们使用膨胀计算热力学量在几乎第一原理的精度水平。我们证明,通过明确地处理所有相关的自由度,我们可以实现改进的收敛性能相比,一个简单的集群扩展,我们的模型自然包括构型和振动熵。此外,我们可以处理结构和化学或磁性自由度之间的耦合。作为例子,我们用我们的展开式计算了Si $_{1-x}$ Ge $_x$,磁性MnO,Al空位和Ba $_x$ Sr $_{1-x}$ TiO $_3$的性质。
Correlation-consistent Gaussian basis sets for copper solids from material-constrained atomic optimization
University of Maryland(马里兰大学);Peking University(北京大学);Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院物理研究所);The NOMAD Laboratory at the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft(马克斯·普朗克学会弗里茨·哈伯研究所NOMAD实验室);Quantum Engine LLC(量子引擎有限责任公司);Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland(马里兰大学物理科学与技术研究院)
Investigation into thorium sulfate as a spinless crystal for a high-performance solid-state $^{229}Th$ nuclear clock
University of Manchester(曼彻斯特大学);University of California, Los Angeles(加州大学洛杉矶分校);Johns Hopkins University(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学);University of Nevada, Reno(内华达大学里诺分校);Los Alamos National Laboratory(洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室)