原子蒸气渗入薄层或单层蛋白石：亚多普勒信号和晶体光学
Infiltrating a thin or single layer opal with an atomic vapour: sub-doppler signals and crystal optics
摘要：
人造薄玻璃蛋白石可以渗透共振碱金属蒸汽，提供新型的混合系统。在基板和蛋白石之间的界面处的反射产生共振信号，其在线性光谱中对于一系列斜入射呈现子多普勒结构。这一结果被怀疑起源于蛋白石间隙中的蒸气的三维限制的效果。本文将其推广到蛋白石仅限于几层甚至单层的情况，这是一种二维光栅。我们已经开发了一个灵活的一维分层光学模型，非常适合的朗缪尔-布洛杰特蛋白石。一旦扩展到共振渗透的情况下，该模型再现的线形与入射角或偏振的快速变化。另外，对于蛋白石限于单层相同的球体，开发了三维数值计算。它预测了晶体的各向异性，这是通过一个空的蛋白石由单层聚苯乙烯球衍射证明。
英文摘要：
Artificial thin glass opals can be infiltrated with a resonant alkali-metal vapour, providing novel types of hybrid systems. The reflection at the interface between the substrate and the opal yields a resonant signal, which exhibits sub-Doppler structures in linear spectroscopy for a range of oblique incidences. This result is suspected to originate in an effect of the three-dimensional confinement of the vapour in the opal interstices. It is here extended to a situation where the opal is limited to a few or even a single layer opal film, which is a kind of bidimensional grating. We have developed a flexible one-dimensional layered optical model, well suited for a Langmuir-Blodgett opal. Once extended to the case of a resonant infiltration, the model reproduces quick variations of the lineshape with incidence angle or polarization. Alternately, for an opal limited to a single layer of identical spheres, a three-dimensional numerical calculation was developed. It predicts crystalline anisotropy, which is demonstrated through diffraction on an empty opal made of a single-layer of polystyrene spheres.
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