通过辐射压力探测太阳变色龙
Detecting solar chameleons through radiation pressure
摘要：
光标量场可以驱动宇宙加速膨胀。因此，它们显然是暗能量的候选者。为了使这些模型与太阳系中的广义相对论测试和地球上的“第五种力”搜索兼容，需要对它们进行筛选。一种可能性是所谓的“变色龙”机制，它根据局部物质密度提供有效质量。如果变色龙粒子存在，它们可以在太阳中产生，并利用相当于辐射压力的能量在地球上检测到。由于变色龙的有效质量与局部物质密度成比例，如果变色龙的有效质量大于其总能量，则变色龙可以被致密介质反射。因此，在适当的条件下，可以通过检测传递到合适的光机械力/压力传感器的总瞬时动量来感测太阳变色龙的通量。我们计算太阳的变色龙光谱和变色龙参数空间的实验使用的初步结果，从力/压力传感器，目前正在开发中INFN的里雅斯特，安装在焦平面的一个X射线望远镜的CAST实验在欧洲核子研究中心。我们表明，这样的实验意味着一个开拓性的努力探索未知的变色龙参数空间。
英文摘要：
Light scalar fields can drive the accelerated expansion of the universe. Hence, they are obvious dark energy candidates. To make such models compatible with tests of General Relativity in the solar system and "fifth force" searches on Earth, one needs to screen them. One possibility is the so-called "chameleon" mechanism, which renders an effective mass depending on the local matter density. If chameleon particles exist, they can be produced in the sun and detected on Earth exploiting the equivalent of a radiation pressure. Since their effective mass scales with the local matter density, chameleons can be reflected by a dense medium if their effective mass becomes greater than their total energy. Thus, under appropriate conditions, a flux of solar chameleons may be sensed by detecting the total instantaneous momentum transferred to a suitable opto-mechanical force/pressure sensor. We calculate the solar chameleon spectrum and the reach in the chameleon parameter space of an experiment using the preliminary results from a force/pressure sensor, currently under development at INFN Trieste, to be mounted in the focal plane of one of the X-Ray telescopes of the CAST experiment at CERN. We show, that such an experiment signifies a pioneering effort probing uncharted chameleon parameter space.
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