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arXiv 1409.3845astro-ph.CO
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一个完整的X射线选择星系群样品的标度性质

Scaling Properties of a Complete X-ray Selected Galaxy Group Sample

Lorenzo Lovisari, Thomas Reiprich, Gerrit Schellenberger

摘要:

即将到来的X射线调查,如eROSITA需要精确的校准之间的X射线观测和质量下降到低质量制度,以设置严格的基本宇宙学参数的约束。由于单个质量测量只可能用于相对较少数量的物体,因此至关重要的是要有可靠和易于理解的比例关系,将总质量与易于观察的量联系起来。这项工作的主要目标是限制星系群标度关系的选择效应校正,并量化的影响,在低质量的制度,非引力物理。我们分析了XMM-牛顿观测的一个完整的样本,从ROSAT全天巡天星系团,我们比较了派生的缩放特性与星系团样本。为了研究不同的非引力过程所起的作用,我们将观测数据与流体动力学模拟的预测进行了比较。在对选择效应(例如Malmquist偏差)进行校正后,L-M关系比观察到的关系更陡。它的斜率也比使用HIFLUGCS样本的更大质量系统获得的值更陡。这种行为可以用真实的L-M关系的逐渐变化来解释,当把观测参数转换成质量时,应该考虑到这一点。其他观察到的比例关系(未校正选择偏差)没有显示任何突破,虽然与模拟的比较表明,反馈过程中发挥了重要作用的星系群的形成和演化。由于我们的主样本的82个对象跨越两个数量级的质量,我们严格限制的气体质量分数的依赖总质量,发现几乎两个组和集群之间的差异的一个因素。

英文摘要:

Upcoming X-ray surveys like eROSITA require precise calibration between X-ray observables and mass down to the low mass regime to set tight constraints on the fundamental cosmological parameters. Since an individual mass measurement is only possible for a relatively small number of objects it is crucial to have robust and well understood scaling relations that relate the total mass to easily observable quantities. The main goal of this work is to constrain the galaxy group scaling relations corrected for selection effects, and to quantify the influence of non-gravitational physics at the low-mass regime. We analyzed XMM-Newton observations for a complete sample of galaxy groups selected from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey and we compared the derived scaling properties with a galaxy cluster sample. To investigate the role played by the different non-gravitational processes we then compared the observational data with the predictions of hydrodynamical simulations. After applying the correction for selection effects (e.g. Malmquist bias) the L-M relation is steeper than the observed one. Its slope is also steeper than the value obtained by using the more massive systems of the HIFLUGCS sample. This behaviour can be explained by a gradual change of the true L-M relation which should be taken into account when converting the observational parameters into masses. The other observed scaling relations (not corrected for selection biases) do not show any break although the comparison with the simulations suggests that feedback processes play an important role in the formation and evolution of galaxy groups. Thanks to our master sample of 82 objects spanning two order of magnitude in mass we tightly constrain the dependence of the gas mass fraction on the total mass, finding almost a factor of two difference between groups and clusters.

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