原子电子态：L-S和j-j耦合方案及其关联
Atomic electronic states: the L-S and j-j coupling schemes and their correlation
摘要：
在本文的第一部分中，我们回顾了L-S耦合方案的假设，利用该方案，我们推导了由给定的原子组态产生的电子态。然后，借助于第15族元素的光谱数据，很明显，随着我们在周期表中走得越来越远，L-S耦合方案的假设不再有效。在第二部分中，我们介绍了标准无机化学教材中很少涉及的j-j偶合方案，并对比了两个方案的假设。接下来，我们使用两个工作的例子来演示与j-j耦合方案的电子态的推导。最后，用图形表示了用L-S和j-j格式导出的态之间的相关性。我们相信，通过学习j-j耦合方案（绝不是一项艰巨的任务）以及L-S方案，学生将更好地理解原子电子态的概念。
英文摘要：
In the first part of this paper, we review the assumption of the L-S coupling scheme, with which we derive the electronic states arising from a given atomic configuration. Then, with the aid of the spectral data of Group 15 elements, it becomes clear that the assumption of the L-S coupling scheme is no longer valid as we go farther and farther down the Periodic Table. In the second part, we introduce the j-j coupling scheme, which is seldom covered in standard inorganic chemistry texts, and contrast the assumptions of the two schemes. Next, we use two worked examples to demonstrate the derivation of electronic states with the j-j coupling scheme. Finally, the correlation between the states derived by L-S and j-j schemes is pictorially shown. It is believed a student, by also studying j-j coupling schemes (by no means a difficult task) along with the L-S scheme, will gain a better understanding of the concept of atomic electronic states.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
