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arXiv 1408.6984cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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顺磁性体心立方铁的声子软化及其与压致相变的关系

Phonon softening in paramagnetic bcc Fe and relationship with pressure-induced phase transition

Yuji Ikeda, Atsuto Seko, Atsushi Togo, Isao Tanaka

摘要:

基于第一性原理声子计算,研究了压力作用下顺磁性体心立方铁的结构稳定性。PM相的自旋组态近似使用一个二进制特殊的准随机结构(SQS)与超原胞的方法。声子模式的行为可以与压力诱导相变的面心立方(fcc)和六方密堆积(hcp)结构如下:对于PM相,它被发现,在N点的低频横模(N $_4^-$模式),这对应于一个bcc-hcp相变途径,表现出强烈的软化下各向同性体积压缩。在谐波近似下,通过$2\%$体积减小,该模式的频率变为零。这一结果与体积压缩下不发生从PM bcc相到hcp相的相变的实验事实不符。只有当考虑到N $_4^-$模的非谐行为时,才能解释这种表面上的矛盾;在体积压缩下,PM相沿N $_4^-$模的势能曲线变得更接近双阱形状。另一方面,在体积压缩下,PM相在2/3[111]点处的纵模也发生软化,表明沿该纵模存在压力诱导的bcc-fcc相变。这种行为在铁磁(FM)bcc Fe中没有看到,这意味着磁结构对相变机制起着至关重要的作用。

英文摘要:

Structural stability of paramagnetic (PM) body-centered cubic (bcc) Fe under pressure is investigated based on first-principles phonon calculations. Spin configurations of the PM phase are approximated using a binary special quasi-random structure (SQS) with a supercell approach. The behavior of phonon modes can be associated with pressure-induced phase transitions to the face-centered cubic (fcc) and hexagonal close-packed (hcp) structures as follows: For the PM phase, it is found that the low-frequency transverse mode at the N point (N$_4^-$ mode), which corresponds to a bcc-hcp phase transition pathway, exhibits strong softening under isotropic volume compression. The frequency of this mode becomes zero by $2\%$ volume decrease within the harmonic approximation. This result is not consistent with the experimental fact that phase transition from the PM bcc to hcp phases does not occur under volume compression. The seeming contradiction can be explained only when anharmonic behavior of the N$_4^-$ mode is taken into consideration; a potential energy curve along the N$_4^-$ mode becomes closer to a double-well shape for the PM phase under the volume compression. On the other hand, softening of the longitudinal mode at the 2/3[111] point under the volume compression is also found for the PM phase, which indicates the pressure-induced bcc-fcc phase transition along this mode. Such behaviors are not seen in ferromagnetic (FM) bcc Fe, implying that the magnetic structure plays essential roles on the phase transition mechanism.

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