辉石NaFeGe $_2$ O $_6$多铁性的各向异性研究
Anisotropy study of multiferroicity in the pyroxene NaFeGe$_2$O$_6$
摘要：
本文研究了多铁性单斜辉石NaFeGe $_2$ O $_6$的介电、磁性和磁弹性的各向异性。研究了合成的大单晶NaFeGe $_2$ O $_6$的热释电电流、介电常数、磁致伸缩系数、热膨胀系数和磁致伸缩系数。在反铁磁有序态（$T_{\rm N}\simeq 13$ K）中，在低于$T_{\rm C}\simeq 11.6$ K的温度下检测到的电极化的强度主要位于$ac$平面内，沿$b$方向的分量很小，表明NaFeGe $_2$ O $_6$的多铁性相具有三斜对称性.电极化的强度可以通过沿不同方向施加磁场来强烈修改。我们推导出详细的磁场与温度的相图，并确定三个多铁性的低温相，这是由一个非铁电，反铁磁有序状态从顺磁高温相分离。
英文摘要：
We present a study of the anisotropy of the dielectric, magnetic and magnetoelastic properties of the multiferroic clinopyroxene NaFeGe$_2$O$_6$. Pyroelectric currents, dielectric constants and magnetic susceptibilities as well as the thermal expansion and the magnetostriction were examined on large synthetic single crystals of NaFeGe$_2$O$_6$. The spontaneous electric polarization detected below $T_{\rm C}\simeq 11.6$ K in an antiferromagnetically ordered state ($T_{\rm N}\simeq 13$ K) is mainly lying within the $ac$ plane with a small component along $b$, indicating a triclinic symmetry of the multiferroic phase of NaFeGe$_2$O$_6$. The electric polarization can be strongly modified by applying magnetic fields along different directions. We derive detailed magnetic-field versus temperature phase diagrams and identify three multiferroic low-temperature phases, which are separated by a non-ferroelectric, antiferromagnetically ordered state from the paramagnetic high-temperature phase.
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