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arXiv 1408.4306astro-ph.EP
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升力对原行星盘中尘埃颗粒空气动力学的影响

Effect of lift force on the aerodynamics of dust grains in the protoplanetary disk

Masaki S. Yamaguchi, Shigeo S. Kimura

摘要:

我们新近将升力引入到原行星盘尘埃颗粒的空气动力学中。虽然许多作者已经研究了拖曳力、重力和电力对尘埃颗粒的影响,但升力从未被认为是作用在气盘中尘埃颗粒上的力。如果颗粒在流体中旋转和移动,那么升力就施加在它们身上。本文证明了尘埃颗粒由于频繁的碰撞而不断旋转,从而使升力继续作用于它们,这在一定的参数空间中是有效的,对于最小质量的太阳星云,尘埃颗粒的尺寸大于~ 1 m,与中心恒星的距离大于1 AU.此外,我们还估计了升力对颗粒运动的影响,得到了当Stokes数和升阻比都为~ 1时,升力引起的颗粒间平均相对速度与Kepler转动系中的气体速度相当的结果.这种估计是在稳态和各向同性自旋角动量的假设下进行的。我们还估计了粒子继续旋转时的平均相对速度,并得出结论,在质量最小的太阳星云中,升力对平均相对速度的影响很小。如果盘中存在颗粒集中区,由于碰撞率高,升力引起的相对速度可能在那里占主导地位。

英文摘要:

We newly introduce lift force into the aerodynamics of dust grains in the protoplanetary disk. Although many authors have so far investigated the effects of the drag force, gravitational force and electric force on the dust grains, the lift force has never been considered as a force exerted on the dust grains in the gas disk. If the grains are spinning and moving in the fluid, then the lift force is exerted on them. We show in this paper that the dust grains can be continuously spinning due to the frequent collisions so that the lift force continues to be exerted on them, which is valid in a certain parameter space where the grain size is larger than ~ 1 m and where the distance from the central star is larger than 1 AU for the minimum mass solar nebula. In addition, we estimate the effects of the force on the grain motion and obtain the result that the mean relative velocity between the grains due to the lift force is comparable to the gas velocity in the Kepler rotational frame when the Stokes number and lift-drag ratio are both ~ 1. This estimation is performed under the assumptions of the steady state and the isotropic spin angular momentum. We also estimate the mean relative velocity when the grains keep spinning and conclude that the lift force marginally affects the mean relative velocity in the minimum mass solar nebula. If there is a grain-concentrated part in the disk, the relative velocity due to the lift force may dominate there because of high collision rate.

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