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arXiv 1408.2844astro-ph.EPastro-ph.IM
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TRADES:一个新的软件,用于从观测到的transit时间和径向速度推导轨道参数。重新审视Kepler-11和Kepler-9

TRADES: A new software to derive orbital parameters from observed transit times and radial velocities. Revisiting Kepler-11 and Kepler-9

Luca Borsato, Francesco Marzari, Valerio Nascimbeni, Giampaolo Piotto, Valentina Granata, Luigi Rolly Bedin, Luca Malavolta

摘要:

目的。为了从观测数据中确定系外行星系统的轨道参数,我们开发了一个名为TRADES(TRAnsits and Dynamics of Exoplanetary Systems)的软件,可以同时拟合观测到的径向速度和凌日时间数据。方法.我们实现了一个N体系统的动力学模拟器,它也适合在轨道集成过程中的可用数据,并确定最佳的轨道参数组合,使用网格搜索,$χ^2$最小化,遗传算法,粒子群优化,和引导分析。结果为了验证TRADES,我们在合成三体系统和开普勒任务发现的两个真实系统上测试了代码:开普勒-9和开普勒-11。这些系统是测试多个系外行星系统的良好基准,这些系统由于行星之间的引力相互作用而显示出过境时间变化(TTV)。我们发现开普勒-11行星的轨道参数与发现论文中提出的值以及同一作者最近的工作非常一致。我们分析了Kepler-9系统的前三个季度,发现与发现论文部分一致的参数。分析涵盖开普勒数据的12个季度的过境时间(T0),我们已经找到了一个新的最佳拟合解决方案。该解决方案输出的质量约为发现论文中提出的值的55%;这导致径向速度的半幅值降低约为12.80 m/s。

英文摘要:

Aims. With the purpose of determining the orbital parameters of exoplanetary systems from observational data, we have developed a software, named TRADES (TRAnsits and Dynamics of Exoplanetary Systems), to simultaneously fit observed radial velocities and transit times data. Methods. We implemented a dynamical simulator for N-body systems, which also fits the available data during the orbital integration and determines the best combination of the orbital parameters using grid search, $χ^2$ minimization, genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, and bootstrap analysis. Results. To validate TRADES, we tested the code on a synthetic three-body system and on two real systems discovered by the Kepler mission: Kepler-9 and Kepler-11. These systems are good benchmarks to test multiple exoplanet systems showing transit time variations (TTVs) due to the gravitational interaction among planets. We have found that orbital parameters of Kepler-11 planets agree well with the values proposed in the discovery paper and with a a recent work from the same authors. We analyzed the first three quarters of Kepler-9 system and found parameters in partial agreement with discovery paper. Analyzing transit times (T0s) covering 12 quarters of Kepler data, that we have found a new best-fit solution. This solution outputs masses that are about 55% of the values proposed in the discovery paper; this leads to a reduced semi-amplitude of the radial velocities of about 12.80 m/s.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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