自旋热电子学中E-N倒易关系的验证
Verification of the Thomson-Onsager reciprocity relation for spin caloritronics
摘要：
我们研究了自旋相关Seebeck效应和自旋相关Peltier效应之间的E-N关系。为了保持相同的设备和测量条件下，我们测量在一个单一的Ni $_{80}$ Fe $_{20}$ /Cu/Ni $_{80}$ Fe $_{20}$纳米柱自旋阀设备受到电或热偏置的两种效果。在低偏置制度，我们观察到类似的自旋信号以及背景响应，所需的Onsager互易关系。然而，在大的偏差，偏离互易性发生由于占主导地位的非线性贡献的温度依赖性输运系数。通过对这些非线性热电效应进行系统建模，并测量不同外加偏压下的高阶热电响应，我们确定了两种制度之间的过渡，即焦耳加热开始主导珀耳帖加热的点。我们的研究结果表明局部平衡的重要性，这种唯象的互惠关系的有效性。
英文摘要：
We investigate the Thomson-Onsager relation between the spin-dependent Seebeck and spin-dependent Peltier effect. To maintain identical device and measurement conditions we measure both effects in a single Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$/Cu/Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$ nanopillar spin valve device subjected to either an electrical or a thermal bias. In the low bias regime, we observe similar spin signals as well as background responses, as required by the Onsager reciprocity relation. However, at large biases, deviation from reciprocity occurs due to dominant nonlinear contribution of the temperature dependent transport coefficients. By systematic modeling of these nonlinear thermoelectric effects and measuring higher order thermoelectric responses for different applied biases, we identify the transition between the two regimes as the point at which Joule heating start to dominate over Peltier heating. Our results signify the importance of local equilibrium for the validity of this phenomenological reciprocity relation.
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