EIT相关现象及其力学模拟
EIT-related phenomena and their mechanical analogs
摘要：
相互作用的经典谐振子系统作为描述电磁感应透明（EIT）及其相关现象的模拟模型，近年来受到了广泛的关注。我们回顾这些模型，并探讨其有效性的各种物理系统使用两个和三个耦合谐振子。从最简单的EIT-$Λ$组态和两个耦合单腔模出发，我们证明了每个原子偶极允许跃迁和一个单腔模都可以用一个阻尼谐振子来表示。因此，我们已经建立了一个经典和量子动力学变量之间的一一对应。给出了力学系统中EIT暗态的极限条件和等效条件。这种对应关系被扩展到其他系统，目前EIT相关的现象。这种系统的例子是与光学腔的单模相互作用的二能级和三能级（腔EIT）原子，以及倒Y和三脚架配置中的四能级原子。机械和腔EIT系统之间建立的等效性，在这里首次提出，已被实验数据所证实。所有这些系统的探测响应的分析也带来了光的光子湮没算符$\left\langle a\right\rangle$的期望值的物理解释。我们表明，它可以直接关系到系统的电极化率，其中包括一个驱动腔场模式的组成。
英文摘要：
Systems of interacting classical harmonic oscillators have received considerable attention in the last years as analog models for describing electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and associated phenomena. We review these models and investigate their validity for a variety of physical systems using two- and three-coupled harmonic oscillators. From the simplest EIT-$Λ$ configuration and two-coupled single cavity modes we show that each atomic dipole-allowed transition and a single cavity mode can be represented by a damped harmonic oscillator. Thus, we have established a one-to-one correspondence between the classical and quantum dynamical variables. We show the limiting conditions and the equivalent for the EIT dark state in the mechanical system. This correspondence is extended to other systems that present EIT-related phenomena. Examples of such systems are two- and three-level (cavity EIT) atoms interacting with a single mode of an optical cavity, and four-level atoms in a inverted-Y and tripod configurations. The established equivalence between the mechanical and the cavity EIT systems, presented here for the first time, has been corroborated by experimental data. The analysis of the probe response of all these systems also brings to light a physical interpretation for the expectation value of the photon annihilation operator $\left\langle a\right\rangle$. We show it can be directly related to the electric susceptibility of systems, the composition of which includes a driven cavity field mode.
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