剥离原始黑磷至单层：光氧化和电子约束效应
Exfoliating pristine black phosphorus down to the monolayer: photo-oxidation and electronic confinement effects
摘要：
黑磷薄层由于其二维半导体特性，如可调直接带隙和高载流子迁移率，最近引起了人们的兴趣。这种通过弱范德华力堆叠在一起的P原子的层状晶体可以使用与用于石墨烯的程序类似的程序剥离到层磷烷单层（也称为磷烯）。然而，由于暴露于环境条件后快速且普遍的降解，这种2D材料的性质对探测具有挑战性。在这里，我们调查的晶体降解，使用原位拉曼和透射电子光谱，并强调一个过程，涉及光诱导的氧化反应与吸附的氧在水中。确定了制备和保存单层、双层和多层层磷烷的实验条件。这些二维层的研究提供了新的见解约束的化学反应性和黑磷的振动模式的影响。
英文摘要：
Thin layers of black phosphorus have recently raised interest for their two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting properties, such as tunable direct bandgap and high carrier mobilities. This lamellar crystal of P atoms stacked together by weak van der Waals forces can be exfoliated down to the stratophosphane monolayer (also called phosphorene) using procedures similar to those used for graphene. Properties of this 2D material are however challenging to probe due to a fast and ubiquitous degradation upon exposure to ambient conditions. Herein, we investigate the crystal degradation using in-situ Raman and transmission electron spectroscopies and highlight a process involving a photo-induced oxidation reaction with adsorbed oxygen in water. The experimental conditions to prepare and preserve mono-, bi- and multilayers of stratophosphane in their pristine states were determined. Study on these 2D layers provides new insights on the effect of confinement on the chemical reactivity and the vibrational modes of black phosphorus.
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