自旋阀中信息驱动电流的第二定律
The Second Laws for an Information driven Current through a Spin Valve
摘要：
我们提出了一个物理上可实现的麦克斯韦恶魔设备，使用自旋阀与放置在量子点带上的电子在短时间内单一地相互作用，这在物理上等同于Mandal和Jarzynski介绍的设备[PNAS 109，11641（2012）]。该模型是完全可解的，我们表明，它可以等效地解释为一个布朗棘轮恶魔。然后，我们考虑基于测量的离散反馈方案，它产生相同的系统动力学，但具有不同的第二定律不等式。我们表明，第二定律的离散反馈控制可以提供一个更小的，相等的或更大的界限上的最大可提取的工作相比，第二定律涉及的磁带位。最后，我们推导出一个有效的主方程的泊松分布的磁带上的位（或测量时间分别）的系统演化，我们表明，其相关的熵产生率包含相同的物理声明的第二定律涉及磁带的位。
英文摘要：
We propose a physically realizable Maxwell's demon device using a spin valve interacting unitarily for a short time with electrons placed on a tape of quantum dots, which is thermodynamically equivalent to the device introduced by Mandal and Jarzynski [PNAS 109, 11641 (2012)]. The model is exactly solvable and we show that it can be equivalently interpreted as a Brownian ratchet demon. We then consider a measurement based discrete feedback scheme, which produces identical system dynamics, but possesses a different second law inequality. We show that the second law for discrete feedback control can provide a smaller, equal or larger bound on the maximum extractable work as compared to the second law involving the tape of bits. Finally, we derive an effective master equation governing the system evolution for Poisson distributed bits on the tape (or measurement times respectively) and we show that its associated entropy production rate contains the same physical statement as the second law involving the tape of bits.
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