碰撞机的下降
Dips at Colliders
摘要：
我们将新的物理签名归类为在对撞机上表现为“倾角”结构。一种实现下降的潜在方法是当所有粒子都是壳层质量时要求相互作用为零，但如果一个或多个粒子是壳层质量，则不要求相互作用为零。对于三粒子相互作用，我们发现了三种有趣的情况：一个有质量的规范玻色子有两个相同的标量;一个无质量的规范玻色子有两个不同的标量;一个有质量的规范玻色子有两个相同的无质量的规范玻色子。对于每种情况下，我们确定了相关的有效运营商，以探索其在大型强子对撞机的倾角签名。不幸的是，不稳定的粒子与壳层相互作用消失，有一个复杂的质量，这是符合在其传播子的复极点。结果，产生了没有凹陷的接触式振幅。然后，我们指出另外两个有趣的方式，产生一个下降的截面。第一种方式由于s通道中类时动量的顶点形状因子为零而具有下降签名。在第二种方式中，由于在交换不同s沟道颗粒的过程之间存在相消干涉，所以出现了倾斜加凸起特征。
英文摘要：
We categorize new physics signatures that manifest themselves as a "dip" structure at colliders. One potential way to realize a dip is to require interactions to be zero when all particles are mass on-shell, but not if one or more are mass off-shell. For three particle interactions, we have found three interesting cases: one massive gauge boson with two identical scalars; one massless gauge boson with two different scalars; one massive gauge boson with two identical massless gauge bosons. For each case, we identify the relevant effective operators to explore its dip signature at the LHC. Unfortunately, the unstable particle with a vanishing mass-on-shell interaction has a complex mass which is coincident with the complex pole in its propagator. As a result, a contact-like amplitude without a dip is produced. We then point out two other interesting ways that generate a dip in the cross section. The first way has a dip signature due to a zero in the vertex form factor of the time-like momentum in the s-channel. In the second way, the dip plus bump signature appears because there is destructive interference among processes of exchanging different s-channel particles.
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