利用可逆退相减小集体量子态旋转误差
Reducing Collective Quantum State Rotation Errors with Reversible Dephasing
摘要：
我们证明了通过非均匀加宽的可逆退相可以大大减少集体量子态旋转误差，并观察到旋转误差的抑制超过21 dB的背景下，集体布居测量的自旋态的$2.1 \times 10^5$激光冷却和捕获的$^{87}$ Rb原子系综。旋转噪声的大幅降低使得能够直接分辨低于基本量子投影噪声极限13（1）dB的自旋态布居。此外，自旋态测量将系统投射到纠缠态，相对于标准量子极限，直接观察到的光谱增强（压缩）为9.5（5）dB，而如果不抑制旋转误差，则不会获得增强。
英文摘要：
We demonstrate that reversible dephasing via inhomogeneous broadening can greatly reduce collective quantum state rotation errors, and observe the suppression of rotation errors by more than 21 dB in the context of collective population measurements of the spin states of an ensemble of $2.1 \times 10^5$ laser cooled and trapped $^{87}$Rb atoms. The large reduction in rotation noise enables direct resolution of spin state populations 13(1) dB below the fundamental quantum projection noise limit. Further, the spin state measurement projects the system into an entangled state with 9.5(5) dB of directly observed spectroscopic enhancement (squeezing) relative to the standard quantum limit, whereas no enhancement would have been obtained without the suppression of rotation errors.
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