从GeMS检索的Cn2和风速垂直廓线的可靠性评估
Towards a reliability assessment of the Cn2 and wind speed vertical profiles retrieved from GeMS
摘要：
新一代自适应光学系统的出现，称为宽视场AO（WFAO），标志着一个新时代的开始。通过使用多个导航星（GS），无论是激光导航星（LGS）或自然导航星（NGS），WFAO显着增加了AO校正图像的视场，以及可以从这种校正中受益的天空部分。在过去几年中，对WFAO的不同类型进行了研究。它们都需要多个GS来执行大气湍流的层析分析。新的WFAO系统的一个基本方面是望远镜上方湍流的时空分布知识。获得这些信息的一种方法是使用WFAO系统本身提供的遥测数据。事实上，已经证明，WFAO系统允许人们推导出主要湍流层中的Cn 2和风廓线（例如，参见Cortes等人，2012年）。这种方法具有明显的优势，提供的信息，湍流分层，有效地影响AO系统，属性更难以尊重独立的垂直廓线。在本文中，我们比较了GeMS的风速廓线与非静力学中尺度大气模式（Meso-NH）的预测。已经证明（Masciadri等人，2013年），事实上，该模型能够提供可靠的风速分布在整个对流层和平流层（高达20 - 25公里）以上的顶级天文网站。与测量的相关性显示是非常令人满意的模型性能进行分析时，从统计的角度来看，以及对个人的夜晚。因此，这样的系统似乎是一个有趣的参考，用于量化的GeMS风速廓线的可靠性。
英文摘要：
The advent of a new generation of Adaptive Optics systems called Wide Field AO (WFAO) mark the beginning of a new era. By using multiple Guide Stars (GSs), either Laser Guide Stars (LGSs) or Natural Guide Stars (NGSs), WFAO significantly increases the field of view of the AO-corrected images, and the fraction of the sky that can benefit from such correction. Different typologies of WFAO have been studied over the past years. They all require multiple GSs to perform a tomographic analysis of the atmospheric turbulence. One of the fundamental aspects of the new WFAO systems is the knowledge of the spatio-temporal distribution of the turbulence above the telescope. One way to get to this information is to use the telemetry data provided by the WFAO system itself. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that WFAO systems allows one to derive the Cn2 and wind profile in the main turbulence layers (see e.g. Cortes et al. 2012). This method has the evident advantage to provide information on the turbulence stratification that effectively affects the AO system, property more difficultly respected by independently vertical profilers. In this paper, we compare the wind speeds profiles of GeMS with those predicted by a non-hydrostatical mesoscale atmospherical model (Meso-NH). It has been proved (Masciadri et al., 2013), indeed, that this model is able to provide reliable wind speed profiles on the whole troposphere and stratosphere (up to 20-25 km) above top-level astronomical sites. Correlation with measurements revealed to be very satisfactory when the model performances are analyzed from a statistical point of view as well on individual nights. Such a system appears therefore as an interesting reference to be used to quantify the GeMS wind speed profiles reliability.
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