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arXiv 1407.3687astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GA
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活动星系核中湍流相对论喷流辐射的模拟

Modeling the Emission from Turbulent Relativistic Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei

Victoria Calafut, Paul J. Wiita

摘要:

我们提出了一个数值模型,用来计算观测到的活动星系核中的相对论喷流通量。每个湍流涡流的观测通量取决于其可变的多普勒增强因子,计算作为一个函数的相对论性总和的个别涡流和批量射流速度和我们的视角射流。通过对湍流谱上的涡旋辐射积分,得到了观测到的总通量。我们认为射流包含湍流涡,有标准的柯尔莫哥洛夫或最近推导出的相对论湍流谱。我们还考虑到由于它们在射流中的不同模拟位置以及由于它们翻转时的不同光束方向而导致的接收涡流发射的时间延迟。我们研究这些理论的光变曲线和计算功率谱密度(PSD)的视角范围内,批量的射流速度,和湍流速度。这些PSD斜率显著依赖于湍流速度,并且基本上与视角和体积速度无关。在模拟中所产生的通量变化的参数测试的现实值是一致的无线电响亮AGN中观察到的变化类型,例如,最近测量的开普勒卫星,只要湍流速度不是太高。

英文摘要:

We present a numerical model developed to calculate observed fluxes of relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei. The observed flux of each turbulent eddy is dependent upon its variable Doppler boosting factor, computed as a function of the relativistic sum of the individual eddy and bulk jet velocities and our viewing angle to the jet. The total observed flux is found by integrating the radiation from the eddies over the turbulent spectrum. We consider jets that contain turbulent eddies that have either standard Kolmogorov or recently derived relativistic turbulence spectra. We also account for the time delays in receiving the emission of the eddies due to their different simulated positions in the jet, as well as due to the varying beaming directions as they turn over. We examine these theoretical light curves and compute power spectral densities (PSDs) for a range of viewing angles, bulk velocities of the jet, and turbulent velocities. These PSD slopes depend significantly on the turbulent velocity and are essentially independent of viewing angle and bulk velocity. The flux variations produced in the simulations for realistic values of the parameters tested are consistent with the types of variations observed in radio-loud AGN as, for example, recently measured with the Kepler satellite, as long as the turbulent velocities are not too high.

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