重复信号的无源、无噪声、强度放大
Passive, Noiseless, Intensity Amplification of Repetitive Signals
摘要：
信号强度的放大对于启动物理过程、诊断、传感、通信和科学测量至关重要。在传统的放大过程中，信号通过使用外部电源的有源增益过程乘以信号载波来放大。然而，对于重复波形，用于放大的足够能量通常驻留在信号本身中。在这种情况下，不需要的外部功率被浪费，并且信号还由于伴随有源增益过程的噪声和失真而退化。我们展示了无噪声，强度放大的重复光脉冲波形的增益从2到~20，而不使用主动增益，通过回收已经存储在输入重复信号中的能量。这种“绿色”方法使用色散诱导的自成像（Talbot）效应来精确地将原始信号能量重新分布到更少的复制波形中。这种方法简单地要求沿着时域和谱域适当地操纵输入信号的相位分布。此外，我们的无源放大器如何进行实验的波训练的实时平均值，以减少噪声波动的输入脉冲训练上存在的，以及提高消光比的脉冲站在噪声地板上的约被动增益因子。最后，我们的技术适用于任何频谱区域或波系统中的重复波形，包括声学、机械和量子概率波形，对于这些波形，主动放大方法很难实施或不存在。
英文摘要：
Amplification of signal intensity is essential for initiating physical processes, diagnostics, sensing, communications, and scientific measurement. During traditional amplification, the signal is amplified by multiplying the signal carriers through an active gain process using an external power source. However, for repetitive waveforms, sufficient energy for amplification often resides in the signal itself. In such cases, the unneeded external power is wasted, and the signal is additionally degraded by noise and distortions that accompany active gain processes. We show noiseless, intensity amplification of repetitive optical pulse waveforms with a gain from 2 to ~20 without using active gain, by recycling energy already stored in the input repetitive signal. This "green" method uses dispersion-induced self-imaging (Talbot) effects to precisely re-distribute the original signal energy into fewer replica waveforms. This approach simply requires a suitable manipulation of the input signal's phase profile along the temporal and spectral domains. In addition, we show experimentally how our passive amplifier performs a real-time average of the wave train to reduce noise fluctuation present on the input pulse train, as well as enhances the extinction ratio of pulses to stand above the noise floor by approximately the passive gain factor. Finally, our technique is applicable to repetitive waveforms in any spectral region or wave system, including acoustic, mechanical, and quantum probability waveforms, for which active amplification methods are challenging to implement or nonexistent.
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