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arXiv 1407.2085gr-qc
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天基引力波探测器的科学潜力

The scientific potential of space-based gravitational wave detectors

Jonathan R. Gair

摘要:

毫米波引力波波段只能通过天基干涉仪来获取,但它是最丰富的潜在来源之一。在这个波段的观测具有惊人的科学潜力。质量在1万到1千万太阳质量范围内的大质量黑洞之间的合并,预计将发生在它们的宿主星系合并之后,产生强烈的毫赫兹引力辐射。对这些系统的观测将在一个很难用电磁探测的质量范围内追踪宇宙中结构的层次组装。恒星质量致密的物体落入星系中心的这种黑洞中,在最后坠入并与中心黑洞合并之前的几年里产生可检测到的引力辐射。对这些系统的测量提供了一个前所未有的机会来探索广义相对论在强场和动力学领域的预言。银河系中数以百万计的超紧凑双星也产生了毫米赫兹引力波,这为探测银河系恒星星族提供了一种新的方法。欧空局已经认识到这一巨大的科学潜力,选择引力宇宙作为L3大型卫星任务的主题,计划于2034年发射。在这篇文章中,我们将审查可能的来源,毫赫兹引力波探测器和描述的广泛应用,这些来源的观测可能有天体物理学,宇宙学和基础物理学。

英文摘要:

The millihertz gravitational wave band can only be accessed with a space-based interferometer, but it is one of the richest in potential sources. Observations in this band have amazing scientific potential. The mergers between massive black holes with mass in the range 10 thousand to 10 million solar masses, which are expected to occur following the mergers of their host galaxies, produce strong millihertz gravitational radiation. Observations of these systems will trace the hierarchical assembly of structure in the Universe in a mass range that is very difficult to probe electromagnetically. Stellar mass compact objects falling into such black holes in the centres of galaxies generate detectable gravitational radiation for several years prior to the final plunge and merger with the central black hole. Measurements of these systems offer an unprecedented opportunity to probe the predictions of general relativity in the strong-field and dynamical regime. Millihertz gravitational waves are also generated by millions of ultra-compact binaries in the Milky Way, providing a new way to probe galactic stellar populations. ESA has recognised this great scientific potential by selecting The Gravitational Universe as its theme for the L3 large satellite mission, scheduled for launch in ~2034. In this article we will review the likely sources for millihertz gravitational wave detectors and describe the wide applications that observations of these sources could have for astrophysics, cosmology and fundamental physics.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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