费马、莱布尼茨、欧拉和这帮人：极限和阴影概念的真实历史
Fermat, Leibniz, Euler, and the gang: The true history of the concepts of limit and shadow
摘要：
费马、莱布尼茨、欧拉和柯西都使用了一种或另一种形式的近似等式，或者抛弃“可忽略”项的思想，以获得正确的分析答案。他们的推理行动在现代无穷小理论的背景下找到了合适的代理，特别是阴影的概念。我们给出了一个应用减少重排的实函数。
英文摘要：
Fermat, Leibniz, Euler, and Cauchy all used one or another form of approximate equality, or the idea of discarding "negligible" terms, so as to obtain a correct analytic answer. Their inferential moves find suitable proxies in the context of modern theories of infinitesimals, and specifically the concept of shadow. We give an application to decreasing rearrangements of real functions.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
