约化、突现与重整化
Reduction, Emergence and Renormalization
摘要：
在以前的工作中，我描述了几个结合还原和涌现的例子：还原被理解为欧内斯特·内格尔，涌现被理解为新颖的行为或属性（根据某些突出的标准）。在这里，我的目的是再次调和还原和涌现，对于一个显然比我以前处理的更有问题的情况：重整化。重整化是一个庞大的课题。因此，我只限于强调现代重整化方法（由威尔逊等人在1965 ~ 1975年之间提出）在应用于量子场论时，如何说明Nagelian约化和突现。我的主要观点是，现代人对可重正化性如何成为可达能量下量子场论的一般特征的理解为我们提供了概念上统一的内格尔约化族。这是值得一提的，因为哲学家倾向于认为科学解释只是解释一个单独的事件，或者可能是一个单一的法律，或者最多推导出一个理论作为另一个的特殊情况。在这里我们看到一个框架，在这个框架中，有一个被赋予足够结构的理论空间，它提供了一个约简族。
英文摘要：
In previous work, I described several examples combining reduction and emergence: where reduction is understood a la Ernest Nagel, and emergence is understood as behaviour or properties that are novel (by some salient standard). Here, my aim is again to reconcile reduction and emergence, for a case which is apparently more problematic than those I treated before: renormalization. Renormalization is a vast subject. So I confine myself to emphasizing how the modern approach to renormalization (initiated by Wilson and others between 1965 and 1975), when applied to quantum field theories, illustrates both Nagelian reduction and emergence. My main point is that the modern understanding of how renormalizability is a generic feature of quantum field theories at accessible energies gives us a conceptually unified family of Nagelian reductions. That is worth saying since philosophers tend to think of scientific explanation as only explaining an individual event, or perhaps a single law, or at most deducing one theory as a special case of another. Here we see a framework in which there is a space of theories endowed with enough structure that it provides a family of reductions.
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